国际检察局对松井石根的检控决策及其意义
The Prosecution Decision on Matsui Iwan by the International Prosecution Section and Its Significance
赵玉蕙1
作者信息
摘要
作为东京审判的检控机构,国际检察局自1946年初开始对甲级战犯嫌疑人松井石根展开战争罪行调查.检方最初试图建立松井在1933-1945年间的亚洲主义活动与日本国家的大东亚政策推进之间的联系,以此来指控他犯下反和平罪行(甲级战罪),但很快意识到这一指控面临证据不足的问题.与此同时,随着南京大屠杀一案相关证据不断涌现,松井犯有普通战争罪的证据日益凸显.国际检察局内部围绕着松井能否单凭普通战争罪而成为甲级战犯发生意见分歧.最终,检方取得了甲级战罪法庭被告的普通战争罪与反和平罪并重的共识,并将松井石根确定为二十八名被告之一.法庭对他的判决成为日军侵华战争中追责指挥官不作为的典型判例.而南京大屠杀这一日军代表性暴行也由此得以在战后国际法庭上进行审理.
Abstract
As the prosecuting agency for the Tokyo Trial,the International Prosecution Section began its investigation of the war crimes committed by Class A war criminal suspect Matsui Iwan in early 1946.The prosecutor initially attempted to establish a connection between Matsui Iwan's Asianism activities from 1933-1945 and Japan's policy of promoting its Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere,thereby accusing him of committing Crimes against Peace(Class A war crimes),but soon realized the lack of sufficient evidence to support this charge.Meanwhile,with more and more evidence emerged regarding the Nanjing Massacre,evidence of Matsui Iwan's Common War Crimes became increasingly obvious.There was a disagreement within the International Prosecution Section on whether Matsui Iwan could be classified as a Class A war criminal solely based on his Common War Crimes.Ultimately,the prosecutor reached a consensus that equal emphasis shall be placed on the Common War Crimes and the Crimes against Peace of the accused in the Tribunal for the Class A War Crimes,and Matsui Iwan should be identified as one of the 28 defendants.The Tribunal's verdict on him set a typical precedent of holding commanders accountable for their dereliction of duty during the Japanese invasion against China.The Nanjing Massacre,a representative atrocity committed by the Japanese army was thereby brought to trial after the war in the International Tribunal.
关键词
东京审判/国际检察局/松井石根/反和平罪/南京大屠杀引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
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