摘要
1927年4月汉口"四三惨案"后,武汉民众反日怒潮高涨.日本担心汉口日租界被中国收回,一面屯兵汉口江面,对武汉国民政府武力施压,一面加速武装撤侨行动,将以汉口为中心的长江中上游地区的日侨大部撤回 日本.在随后近8个月的善后工作中,日本政府除提供一定资金救助外,还从舆论和"法理"上转移视线,将日侨的撤离损失归咎于中国.1927年8月汉口局势开始趋稳,日本政府又动员 日侨返回汉口,至次年10月,汉口 日侨基本恢复到撤离前的人数.其间,日本政府对日侨的复业和日租界的重建给予经济援助和政策扶持,同时采取列强在华常用的出兵、谈判、护侨、结盟等手段,并重视经济、军事及外交手段的并用.由此可见,日本政府借日侨之力,以拓展日本在华利益.
Abstract
After the"April 3rd Incident"in Hankou in 1927,the sentiment against Japan among the local populace of Wuhan rose to a high point.Fearing the Japanese Concession in Hankou might be taken back by China,Japan on one hand stationed troops on the Yangtze River near Hankou,exerting military pressure on the Wuhan Nationalist Government,and on the other hand sped up the evacuation of Japanese residents in the concession.Most of the Japanese residents in Hankou and the Yangtze River middle and upper reaches were withdrawn to Japan.In the following post-evacuation work for nearly eight months,apart from certain financial aid,the Japanese government blamed on China for their evacuation losses from both the legal and public opinion perspectives.In August 1927,the situation in Hankou began to stabilize,and the Japanese government mobilized Japanese residents to return to Hankou.By October of the following year,the number of Japanese residents in Hankou recovered to the pre-evacuation level.During this period,the Japanese government provided economic aid and policy support for the resumption of business and the reconstruction of the Japanese Concession,and adopted the same means as the foreign powers in China,such as dispatching troops,protecting residents,and forming alliances.It also paid attention to the use of economic,military,and diplomatic means.Thus,it can be seen that the Japanese government relied on the Japanese residents to expand Japanese interests in China.
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