日本蚕丝业近代化历史演进中的政府角色分析
Analysis of the Government's Role in the Historical Evolution of the Modernization of the Silk Industry in Japan
杜小军 1李润泽1
作者信息
- 1. 山西大学 历史文化学院,山西 太原 030006
- 折叠
摘要
17-18世纪,日本曾大量进口生丝,造成白银资本大量外流.故此,德川幕府曾对蚕丝业出台保护鼓励政策.这可以说是后来蚕丝业近代化进程中政府保护扶植角色的预演.幕末,世界生丝市场出现的商机使日本蚕丝产品出口一度激增,但同时也出现粗制滥造、质量低下、国际信誉大幅降低等问题.为解决相关问题,并推动日本蚕丝业实现近代化,明治初期,日本政府开办官营示范工厂,进行蚕种改良等试验,引进并推广新技术,倡导结社,扮演了示范、诱导蚕丝业走向近代化的"助产士"的角色.1880年,官营示范工厂民营化处理后,明治政府又在蚕丝业产业革命进程中扮演了监督、扶植的"保姆"角色,促成日本蚕丝业在世界市场确立了比较优势的地位.
Abstract
In the 17th and 18th centuries,Japan imported a large number of raw silk,resulting in a large number of silver capital outflow.Therefore,the Tokugawa shogunate introduced protection and encour-agement policies.This can be said to be the rehearsal of the role of government protection and support in the later modernization process of the silk industry.At the end of the shogunate,the business opportuni-ties in the world raw silk market caused the export of Japanese silk products to surge,but also caused the coarse production,low quality,and a significant reduction in international reputation.In order to solve the above problems and promote the Japanese silk industry to enter the threshold of modernization,in the ear-ly Meiji period,the Japanese government opened government-run demonstration factories,conducted ex-periments on silkworm breed improvement,introduced and promoted new technologies,and advocated as-sociations,playing the role of"midwife"to demonstrate and induce the modernization of the silk industry.After the private ownership in 1880,the Meiji government played the role of a"nanny"in supervising and supporting the silk industry revolution,contributing to the establishment of the comparative advantage of the Japanese silk market in the world.
关键词
日本/蚕丝业/近代化/政府角色Key words
Japan/silk industry/modernization/government role引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(20FSSB026)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据