摘要
为了明确复合肥配施黄腐酸微生物菌剂对小麦产量、土壤理化性质与微生物群落的影响,于2021-2022、2022-2023年在山东东营地区开展不同施肥试验,设置不施肥(CK)、施氮磷钾复合肥(DFH)、施黄腐酸菌剂(DHF)、氮磷钾复合肥与黄腐酸菌剂配施(FHHF)4个处理,测定2年小麦产量及第二年土壤理化与微生物等指标.结果表明,连续2年FHHF处理产量均为最高,其次为DHF、DFH和CK,且不同施肥处理产量显著高于CK;不同施肥处理可有效提升土壤养分含量,其中FHHF、DFH提升效果最为明显,DHF次之;FHHF、DHF处理下土壤细菌和真菌数量、平均吸光度值和微生物呼吸强度均显著高于CK,而DFH最低,微生物多样性指标也呈现相同变化趋势.综上所述,施加黄腐酸肥料能够提高作物产量,且与氮磷钾复合肥配施时效果更好,这与其改善土壤理化性质,提高土壤微生物数量和多样性有关,在生产中可作为绿色生产技术推广.
Abstract
To investigate the effects of combined application of compound fertilizer with humic acid microbial agents on wheat yield,soil physicochemical properties,and microbial community,field experiments were conducted in Dongying,Shandong Province,during the years 2021-2023.Different fertilization treatments were set up,including no fertilizer application(CK),application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium compound fertilizer(DFH),application of humic acid microbial agents(DHF),and combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium compound fertilizer with humic acid microbial agents(FHHF).Wheat yield and soil physicochemical and microbial indicators were measured in both years.The results showed that the FHHF treatment had the highest yield for two consecutive years,followed by DHF,DFH,and CK,with all fertilization treatments significantly higher than CK.Different fertilization treatments effectively increased soil nutrient content,with FHHF and DFH showing the most significant improvement,followed by DHF.The FHHF and DHF treatments significantly increased soil bacterial and fungal quantity,average absorbance value,and microbial respiration intensity compared to CK,while DFH had the lowest values.Microbial diversity indices showed a similar trend.In conclusion,the application of humic acid fertilizer can increase crop yield,and its combined application with nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium compound fertilizer has a better effect.This is related to the improvement of soil physicochemical properties,increased soil microbial quantity and diversity.It can be promoted as a green production technology in agricultural practices.
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