为了研究金花茶观赏性状的遗传与变异特性,以弄岗金花茶(Camellia longgangensis)和金花茶(Camellia nitidissima)杂交获得的 F1 代群体为研究对象,对亲本和 F1 代植株花径、花冠高度、花瓣数量、株高、地径等 9 个性状进行统计分析.结果表明:杂交 F1 代表型变异系数的变异范围为 4.09%~32.01%;F1 代植株在亲本花色遗传上,倾向于双亲中间色;在花期遗传上,更倾向于母本;杂交子代的花径、花瓣长、花瓣宽、株高、地径、叶长、叶宽平均值均大于中亲值,具中亲值优势;花瓣长、地径、叶宽平均值均超过高亲,具高亲值优势.相关性分析发现,花径与叶长呈极显著负相关;花冠高度、花瓣宽、叶宽与叶长呈极显著正相关,花瓣长与花瓣宽呈极显著正相关.这些遗传趋势和特点,对金花茶的进一步育种工作有重要的指导作用.
Genetic Analysis of Phenotypic Traits in F1 Hybrids of Camellia longgangensis×C.nitidissima
Several genetic traits of the F1 hybrid generation of Camellia longgangensis×C.nitidissima were analyzed.The target traits included corolla diameter,corolla height,petal number,plant height,ground diameter of the parents,and F1 prog-eny.The results showed that the variation coefficient of the F1 hybrid ranged from 4.09%to 32.01%.The flower color of the F1 hybrid tended to differ between the parents,and the flowering time of the F1 hybrid tended to differ from that of the female parent.The mean values of corolla diameter,petal length,petal width,plant height,ground diameter,leaf length,and leaf width were greater than those of the parents;moreover,the mean values of petal length,ground diameter,and leaf width were greater than those of the parents.Correlation analysis revealed that flower diameter was significantly negatively correlated with leaf length;corolla height,petal width,and leaf width were significantly positively correlated with leaf length,and petal length was significantly positively correlated with petal width.These genetic trends and characteristics are crucial guides for further C.nitidissima breeding.