Study of Yuganzi Based on Network Pharmacology Mechanisms for the Treatment of Diabetes and Its Complications
Based on a network pharmacology approach,we explored the targets,signaling pathways,and potential molecular biological mechanisms of action of Yuganzi in the treatment of diabetes mellitus(DM),diabetic nephropathy(DN),and dia-betic foot disease(DF).The active ingredients and targets of Yuganzi were screened by the TCM Systemic Pharmacology Platform(TCSMP)and PubChem databases;the target genes related to DM,DN,and DF were obtained by using DisGenet and GeneCards;and the intersection of the target genes of the active ingredients of Yuganzi and the target genes of the diseases was taken to obtain the common target genes.Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was used to construct the"component-target-disease"network diagram,the STRING online database was used to build the PPI network diagram of protein interactions,and the ClueGo plug-in of Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was used to analyze the gene ontology and signaling pathway(KEGG)analysis of the identical target genes.KEGG pathway analysis was employed to screen potential signaling pathways,and we analyzed their mechanisms of action.There were seven valid active components of eugenol,116,76,and 34 targets of eugenol acting on DM,DN,and DF,respectively,and 32 common targets of Yuganzi that can treat these three diseases simultaneously.The results of the GO enrichment analysis showed that the biological functions of the genes associated with Yuganzi-diabetes and its complications were mainly involved in the negative regulation of apoptosis,cell proliferation,cell migration,protein phosphorylation,the positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)signaling pathway,and other biological processes.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the intersecting genes were mainly involved in the FOXO and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.Yuganzi is a tropical and medicinal fruit.Its nutritional and medicinal value is widely recog-nized,and its mechanism of action involves multiple components,targets,and pathways.It is also often used as a preventive treatment for various diseases in medicine.In this paper,we studied the mechanism of action of Yuganzi in the treatment of DM,DN,and DF from the aspects of pharmacology and network pharmacology,which is conducive to a more in-depth and comprehensive understanding of the medicinal value of Yuganzi and provides theoretical references for its development and utilization.
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