Analysis of the Characteristics of Maize Varieties Approved in Guangxi from 2011 to 2021 and its Inspiration for Future Breeding
To analyze the main characteristics of 529 maize varieties approved by the Guangxi Crop Variety Approval Com-mittee from 2011 to 2021,we summarize the achievements and shortcomings of maize breeding in Guangxi and propose sug-gestions for future maize breeding to provide a reference for promoting maize breeding innovation and production.The data of maize varieties approved by the Guangxi Crop Variety Approval Committee from 2011 to 2021 were obtained from the Seed Industry Data Center on the website of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Re-gion,and the characteristics of these varieties,such as the year trend of breeding,variety type,breeding institution type,yield,quality,and resistance,were analyzed.Through the above research and analysis,it is concluded that the achievements in maize variety breeding in Guangxi from 2011 to 2021 mainly include the following aspects:variety types are diverse,and 529 maize varieties have been approved,covering common maize,fresh food maize(sweet,pure waxy,sweet waxy),silage maize,etc.,including 256 common maize varieties,accounting for 48.39%,80 sweet maize varieties,accounting for 15.12%,and 181 waxy maize varieties,accounting for 34.22%.There are 11 silage maize varieties and one high-oil maize variety.The number of approved varieties of various maize types has been increasing annually.The dominant position of enterprises in innovation is highlighted.Three hundred and fifty-seven approved varieties were selected by enterprises alone or as the first selection unit,accounting for 67.49%of the total approved varieties.The expansion of approval channels has achieved remarkable results,and Guangxi Maize Approval has formed a pattern of unified approval channels as the main,supplemented by various consor-tium approval channels.In maize quality,Guangxi's ordinary maize is mainly related to tropical and subtropical families,and its grains are hard.The average unit weight of the approved maize varieties was 780.8 g·L-1,higher than the national first-grade standard(720 g·L-1).The average crude starch content was 71.0%,the average crude protein content was 10.1%,and the average crude fat content was 4.56%.The overall quality is better than that of maize semi-horse teeth or horse teeth in the north.The edible quality of waxy maize is also at the forefront in China.In 2011,the average total score of annual taste quality evaluation of approved waxy maize varieties was 85.6,0.76 higher than that of the control.Through analysis,it was found that the maize varieties approved in 2011-2021 in Guangxi are characterized by diverse types,the number of varieties approved for each type is growing annually,the prime role of enterprise innovation is gradually highlighted,and the overall quality of ordinary maize is better than that of semi-horse teeth or horse teeth maize in the north.However,there is a little increase in yield,a high space for improving the quality of sweet maize,and some prime disease breeding results are not sig-nificant enough.
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