浮梁山区水稻高产栽培技术研究
Research on High Yield Cultivation Techniques of Rice in the Fuliang Mountain Area
钟国民 1程新田 2罗文汉 1方爱莲 2江麟 1钟东1
作者信息
- 1. 景德镇市农业技术推广中心 江西景德镇 333000
- 2. 浮梁县农业技术推广中心 江西景德镇 333400
- 折叠
摘要
山区水稻产量相对于平原地区要低 750～1 500 kg/hm2,其主要原因是山体阻挡、日照减少、地温降低、肥料利用效率下降.为提高山区水稻产量,从提高稻田地温和肥料利用效率方面入手,科学运筹氮肥,采取薄露灌溉技术.结果显示,与农户传统栽培方式相比,有效穗数增加了 0.3～0.7 根,每穗实粒数增加了 1～8 粒,水稻千粒重提高了 0～4 g,肥料农学效率提高了 6.57%～10.16%,产量提高了 3.01%～9.34%.针对山区稻田,氮肥运筹以基肥∶分蘖肥∶孕穗肥=3∶4∶3 效果最好,能提高肥料产量贡献率,提升肥料农学效率,增加水稻产量,提高经济效益.本研究为山区稻田种植提供参考.
Abstract
Rice yields in mountainous areas are 750-1,500 kg·hm-2 lower than those in plain areas,mainly due to the block-age of mountains,the reduction of sunshine,the lowering of ground temperature,and the decrease in fertilizer utilization effi-ciency.To improve the rice yield in mountainous areas,we started by improving ground temperature and fertilizer utilization efficiency of paddy fields,scientifically transporting nitrogen fertilizer,and adopting thin dew irrigation technology.The re-sults showed that compared with farmers'traditional cultivation methods,the number of effective panicles increased by 0.3-0.7,the number of solid grains per spike increased by 1-8,the thousand-grain weight of rice increased by 0-4 g,the agro-nomical efficiency of fertilizers increased by 6.57%-10.16%,and the yield increased by 3.01%-9.34%.For paddy fields in mountainous areas,the best nitrogen fertilizer management is based on 3:4:3 base fertilizer,tiller fertilizer,and spike fertilizer,which can improve the contribution of fertilizer yield,enhance the agronomic efficiency of fertilizer,increase the yield of rice,and improve the economic benefits.This study provides a reference for rice cultivation in mountainous areas.
关键词
水稻/山区/高产/栽培技术Key words
rice/mountain area/high yield/cultivation techniques引用本文复制引用
基金项目
景德镇市科技计划农业重点项目(20212NYZD002)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据