摘要
云南省新平彝族傣族自治县(简称新平县)冰糖橙产业近年发展迅速,种植面积与产量显著增加.本研究从果园修剪、病虫害发生与防治、土壤改良、地表管理、果园区位、销售情况等方面对新平县冰糖橙情况进行综合描述,为果园科学管理提供参考依据.研究结果表明,新平县光、热、水资源优越,与冰糖橙生长发育高度匹配.果实平均单果重 152.12 g,平均可溶性固形物 11.60%,平均可滴定酸 0.63,平均固酸比 18.62,平均果皮厚度 3.06 mm,果形较大,皮薄多汁,糖酸适中.果园主要分布于 700～1 000 m海拔,多为山地和坡地果园,以清耕为主,大部分果园采用石灰或钙镁磷肥进行土壤酸化改良.新平县冰糖橙 2020-2022 年平均销售价格 5.06 元/kg,亩产值 2.07 万元,经济效益较高.果园产值和品质的提升可通过精细栽培来实现,改良土壤、适当的果园修剪、选择合适建园区位和控制果园规模等均可提升冰糖橙产量,进而提升果园的产值.
Abstract
The production of'Bingtang'sweet oranges in Xinping Yi and Dai Autonomous County(Xinping County for short)has developed rapidly in recent years,with significant increases in planting area and yield.This study comprehensively de-scribes the cultivation of'Bingtang'sweet oranges in Xinping County from aspects such as orchard pruning,the occurrence and prevention of diseases and pests,soil improvement,orchard soil surface management,orchard location,and sales situation,providing a reference for the scientific management of orchards.The results show that Xinping County has superior light,heat,and water resources,which are highly consistent with the growth of the'Bingtang'sweet oranges.The average weight of a single fruit is 152.12 g,the soluble solids average content is 11.60%,the titratable acid average content is 0.63,the solid-to-acid average ratio is 18.62,and the average fruit skin thickness is 3.06 mm.The fruit is relatively large,has thin skin,is juicy,and has moderate sweetness and acidity.The orchards are mainly distributed at an altitude of 700-1 000 m and are mostly mountain and slope orchards,with most orchards using lime or calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer to improve soil acidity.The average sales price of'Bingtang'sweet oranges in Xinping County in the past three years was 5.06 yuan·kg-1,and the per mu yield value was 20 700 yuan,indicating high economic benefits.The improvement of orchard production value and quality can be achieved through fine cultivation,soil improvement,appropriate orchard pruning,the selection of suitable or-chard locations,and control at the orchard scale,all of which can increase per mu yield of'Bingtang'sweet oranges and sub-sequently increase the production value of the orchard.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据