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贵州省2022年高温干旱天气对辣椒影响评估

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2022 年贵州省辣椒大田生长期内(5-9 月)发生 2010 年以来第二严重的干旱灾害,造成贵州省的中部以北、以东及南部边缘地区的辣椒受到轻至特重级的干旱影响;同时,6 月下旬开始北部及东部地区发生高温热害天气,高温干旱叠加造成辣椒植株生长及产量品质形成受阻.对高温干旱及其日数与辣椒灾情数据、减产率进行数理分析发现,2022 年 7-9 月的高温、干旱 2 种灾害在空间分布及强度上具有较好的一致性,且呈显著的正相关;高温、干旱和高温干旱交互与辣椒灾情数据相关性紧密,且方差分析结果显著;高温对辣椒减产率的影响显著.评估结果对贵州辣椒产业防范化解日益频发的高温干旱复合灾害风险及农业气象服务指导具有重要意义.
Evaluation of the Impact of High-Temperature and Drought on Chili Pepper in Guizhou Province in 2022
In 2022,the second most severe drought disaster since 2010 occurred in Guizhou Province during the growing period(May-September)of chili pepper fields,causing chili peppers in the central north,east,and southern edge of the prov-ince to be affected by light to very severe drought;at the same time,high temperature and hot weather occurred in the northern and eastern parts of the province beginning in late June,and the high temperature and drought superimposed on each other,resulting in the growth of chili pepper plants and the combination of high temperature and drought hindering the growth of chili plants and yield quality.In this study,a mathematical analysis of high-temperature and high-drought days with chili pep-per disaster data and yield reduction rates revealed that high-temperature and high-drought disasters from July-September 2022 had good consistency in terms of spatial distribution and intensity and a significant positive correlation;high-temperature,drought,and the interaction effect of high temperature and drought on chili pepper disaster data had a strong correlation,and the results of the analysis of variance(ANOVA)were significant;and the effect of high temperature on the chili pepper yield reduction rate was strong.The impact on the yield reduction rate of chili peppers was significant.The results are vital to the Guizhou pepper industry in preventing and resolving the risk of increasingly frequent high-temperature and drought compound disasters and guiding agricultural meteorological services.

agricultural droughthigh-temperature heat damageGuizhouchili pepper production

杨世琼、谭文、刘宇鹏、孙擎、左晋、古书鸿

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贵州省生态与农业气象中心 贵州贵阳 550002

中国气象科学研究院 北京 100081

农业干旱 高温热害 贵州 辣椒生产

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黔科合支撑[2022]重点016号

2024

热带农业科学
中国热带农业科学院

热带农业科学

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.534
ISSN:1009-2196
年,卷(期):2024.44(6)