Study on the role of Th17/Treg imbalance-induced immune tolerance in anaphylactic shock caused by echinococcosis infection
Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of T helper cell 17/regulatory T cell(Th17/Treg)imbalance-induced immune tolerance in anaphylactic shock(AS)caused by echinococcosis infection.Methods Twenty cases of echinococcosis infected patients,echinococcosis shock patients,and healthy subjects were included.The levels of interleukin 17(IL-17),transforming growth factor β(TGF-β),and IgE in the serum of the three groups were detected by ELISA,and the percentage of Th 17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood was detected by flow cytometry.Forty-five C57/B6 mice were randomly divided into three groups:control,model,and treatment.The model and treatment groups were infected with echinococcal cyst fluid through intraperitoneal injection to construct infection models,and the treatment group was given an intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg CD25 antibody in addition of infection,once a week for a month.The percentage of Th 17 and Treg cells in the spleen of mice in each group was detected by flow cytometry,and the levels of IL-17 and TGF-β in the serum were detected by ELISA.Echinococcal cyst fluid was reinjected into the abdominal cavity of mice in each group,the shock and death situations of mice in each group were monitored,the expression of IgE and FcεRI in the spleen of mice in each group was detected by qRT-PCR,and the level of IgE in the serum was detected by ELISA.Results Compared with healthy subjects,the levels of IL-17 and IgE in the serum of echinococcosis patients were decreased,the level of TGF-β was increased,and the percentage of Th17/Treg cells was decreased.Compared with echinococcosis patients,the levels of IL-17 and IgE in the serum of echinococcosis shock patients were increased,and the percentage of Th17/Treg cells was increased(F=143.754,137.285,128.753,98.375;all P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the percentage of Th17/Treg cells in the spleen of mice in the model group was decreased,the level of IL-17 in the serum was decreased,and the level of TGF-β was increased;the shock and mortality rates of mice were increased after reinjection of echinococcal cyst fluid,the expression of IgE and FcεRI in the spleen of mice was increased,and the level of IgE in the serum was increased.Compared with the model group,the percentage of Th17/Treg cells in the spleen of mice in the treatment group was increased,the level of IL-17 in the serum was increased,and the level of TGF-β was decreased(F=104.653,112.645,109.753;all P＜0.05);the shock and mortality rates of mice were decreased after reinjection of echinococcal cyst fluid,the expression of IgE and FcεRI in the spleen of mice was decreased,and the level of IgE in the serum was decreased(all P＜0.05).Conclusions Echinococcosis infection increased the percentage of Treg cells,leading to an imbalance between Th 17 and Treg,which triggered immune tolerance and immune evasion of echinococcosis.When the echinococcosis infection exceeded the body's threshold,it elicited a strong AS response.The use of CD25 antibodies to specifically reduce the number of Treg cells could alleviate AS caused by echinococcosis.
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