Expression and clinical prognostic significance of CSMD1 and GPC3 in non-small cell lung cancer tissues
Objective To explore the expression and clinical prognostic significance of CUB and Sushi multiple domains 1(CSMD1)and glypican-3(GPC3)in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)tissues.Methods Cancer tissue specimens of 108 NSCLC patients(NSCLC group,n=108)and corresponding paracancer tissue specimens(paracancer group,n=108)were collected in the General Hospital of Western Theater Command.PLA from August 2017 to August 2020.The expressions of CSMD1 and GPC3 in tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was utilized to verify the prognostic role of CSMD1 and GPC3 expression in NSCLC patients.Results The positive expression rate of CSMD1 in NSCLC group(29.63％)was lower than that in paracancer group(69.44％),and the positive expression rate of GPC3(65.74％)was higher than that in paracancer group(26.85％),and the difference was statistically significant(x2=34.244,32.847;both P＜0.001).The positive expression rates of CSMD1 and GPC3 proteins were significantly different in NSCLC tissues at different TNM stages,differentiation degrees,and lymph node metastasis(x2=4.352,9.635,8.227;12.874,6.382,4.675;all P＜0.05).In the case of TNM stage Ⅲ,poor differentiation and lymph node metastasis,the positive rate of CSMD1 protein expression in NSCLC tissues was lower,and the positive rate of GPC3 protein expression was higher,the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).A total of 108 patients with NSCLC were followed up for 3 years after discharge.83 patients survived,and the overall survival rate was 76.85％(83/108).The 3-year overall survival rate of CSMD1 negative patients(68.42％)was lower than that of CSMD1 positive(96.88％)and the 3-year overall survival rate of GPC3 negative patients(94.59％)was higher than that of GPC3 positive patients(67.61％),the differences were statistically significant(x2=10.248,9.996,both P＜0.05).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that lymph node metastasis(HR=2.208,95％CI:1.390～3.506),CSMD1 negative(HR=3.691,95％CI:1.834～7.431)and GPC3 positive(HR=3.043,95％CI:1.890-4.900)were the influencing factors on the prognosis of NSCLC patients(all P＜0.05).Conclusions Negative of CSMD1,positive of GPC3,poor differentiation,TNM stage Ⅲ,and lymph node metastasis were risk factors for poor prognosis in NSCLC patients.Reduced CSMD1 positive expression and GPC3 negative expression in NSCLC tissues could promote tumor progression.
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