Study on the proportion and activation status of DC,helper T cells and B cells in patients with acute leukemia
Objective To investigate the percentage of myeloid dendritic cell(mDC),plasmacytoid dendritic cell(pDC),helper T cell(Th),T follicular helper(Tfh),naive B cells,memory B cells and their activation status in acute leukemia(AL).Methods A total of 13 patients with B-cell acute lymphocyte leukemia(ALL)and 15 patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML)admitted to the Department of Blood Transfusion,the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2022 to August 2023 were selected for the study;at the same time,patients with non-tumor and non-autoimmune diseases,such as valvular heart disease,were selected as the control group.All the patients were treated according to the national guidelines,and the similar chemotherapy regimen was used in the whole treatment process.The proportion and activation of mDC and pDC in peripheral blood of patients with B-ALL and AML at onset group and remission group were tested by flow cytometry,as well as Th,Tfh,naive B cells,memory B cells proportion.Results The proportion of pDC and mDC decreased in onset group in ALL and AML patients[(0.43±0.05)％,(0.28±0.04)％;(0.26± 0.06)％,(0.19±0.03)％]were obviously lower than those of control group[(0.67±0.04)％,(0.48±0.05)％],the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05);but increased in remission group.The expression of CD80 and CD86 of pDC and mDC of onset group in ALL patients was higher than those of control group,and decreased in remission group.The expression of CD80 and CD86 of pDC and mDC of onset group in AML patients tended to decrease compared with the control group,and to recover in the remission group.The Th,Tfh and the ratio of naive B cells in peripheral blood in the onset group in ALL patients[(6.45±0.56)％,(0.24±0.06)％,(34.85±2.23)％]were obviously lower than those of control group[(8.47±0.72)％,(0.60±0.08)％,(48.43±3.70)％],the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The ratio of memory B cells showed a decreasing trend;there was an upward trend in the remission group.The percentage of Th,Tfh,naive B cells and memory B cells in the peripheral blood at onset group of AML patients[(7.61±0.56)％,(0.43± 0.05)％,(39.47±1.77)％,(16.28±0.89)％]were lower than those of the control group[(8.47±0.72)％,(0.60±0.07)％,(48.43±3.70)％,(19.88±1.63)％];among them,the proportion of naive B cells was decreased significantly(P＜0.05),but the remission group also had the upward trend.Conclusion The percentages of mDC,pDC,Th,Tfh,naive B cells and memory B cells were inhibited at the onset of acute leukemia;there was a tendency to recover after remission;these mechanisms and interactions needed further studies.
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