Analysis of risk assessment results of schistosomiasis transmission in Yunnan province in 2022
Objective To analyze the transmission risk of schistosomiasis in Yunnan province in 2022,consolidate the achievements of the previous phase of prevention and control and provide a decision-making basis for the next phase.Methods This study adopts a combined approach of retrospective survey and on-site investigation.Six administrative villages from Weishan county,Eryuan county,and Yongsheng county were selected as the provincial-level risk assessment sites for 2022.On-site snail surveys and investigations into wild fecal contamination were conducted at these locations.Additionally,relevant prevention and control data from 2020-2022 were collected at these six sites.A comprehensive analysis was performed to assess the transmission risk of schistosomiasis in Yunnan province in 2022.Results From 2020 to 2022,the positive rates of schistosomiasis blood screening in Tongxing village and Xishan village in Weishan county were 2.58％(79/3 058)and 5.19％(179/3 449),respectively.In Yongle village and Xinlian village in Eryuan county,the positive rates were 5.81％(215/3 699)and 3.36％(101/3 005),respectively,while in Shengli village and Qinghe village in Yongsheng county,the positive rates were 2.18％(16/733)and 1.91％(13/681),respectively.No positive cases were found in stool examinations among the blood-positive individuals.A total snail-infested area of 67.75 hm2 in 2022,with live Oncomelania frame rate of 7.71％and a snail density of 0.32 snails per 0.11 square meter.During the on-site investigation,31 risk environmental sites were surveyed,resulting in the capture of 2 819 live snails.All snail tissues underwent LAMP nucleic acid testing,but no infective snails were detected.Additionally,169 samples of wild feces were collected,including 69(40.83％)from dogs,46(27.22％)from cattle,40(23.67％)from sheep,6(3.55％)from horses,4(2.37％)from humans,and 4(2.37％)from pigs.The nylon silk hatching method did not detect cercariae.Conclusions The prevalence of schistosomiasis in Yunnan province was at a relatively low level.However,factors contributing to disease transmission,such as the distribution of intermediate host snails and wild fecal contamination,continue to exist.The potential transmission risk should not be ignored.Therefore,comprehensive control measures focusing on controlling the source of infection and snail control should be strengthened in mountainous areas.Enhanced monitoring and early warning systems are necessary to promptly detect and eliminate disease transmission risks.
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