The detection rate of human cytomegalovirus-DNA in different types of specimens from children of different ages
Objective To investigate the detection of human cytomegalovirus(HCMV)-DNA in plasma,urine and breast milk in children of different ages.Methods A total of 81 641 clinical specimens collected from January 2016 to December 2021 at the Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou University for HCMV-DNA testing by fluorescent quantitative PCR were selected,and the detection rates of HCMV-DNA in different types of specimens from children of different age groups and breast milk of mothers of children were retrospectively analyzed.Results The HCMV-DNA positivity rates of plasma,urine and breast milk were 11.40％(8 588/75 302),35.34％(1 356/3 837)and 61.93％(1 550/2 503),respectively,and the differences between the positive rates of plasma and urine and breast milk(x2=1 903.85,5 459.36;all P＜0.001)were statistically significant,and the differences between the positive rates of urine and breast milk were statistically significant(x2=431.95,P＜0.001).The differences in the detection rates of HCMV-DNA in plasma and urine among children of different sexes were not statistically significant(x2=0.03,2.07;all P＞0.05).The positive rates of HCMV-DNA in plasma and urine were significantly different among different age groups(x2=7 466.71,1 062.20;all P＜0.001).Bonferroni method was used to compare the positive rates of plasma HCMV-DNA in different age groups;there was no significant difference between ≤21 d and＞6 month～1 year,＞21 d～3 month and＞6 month～1 year(P＞0.05).The pair-to-pair comparison of plasma HCMV-DNA positive rate in other groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The positive rate of urine HCMV-DNA in different age groups was statistically significant between ≤21 d and other age groups,between＞21 d～3 month and＞3～≤6 month,＞6 month～1 year and＞1～3 years(P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the positive rate of urine HCMV-DNA among other age groups(all P＞0.05).Further Spearman rank correlation analysis yielded a positive correlation between plasma HCMV-DNA positivity and urine HCMV-DNA positivity in children(r=0.50,P＜0.01);breast milk HCMV-DNA positivity was not correlated with plasma and urine HCMV-DNA positivity(r=-0.17,0.04;all P＞0.05).Conclusions The detection rates of HCMV-DNA in different specimen types in children of different age groups were different.The detection rate of HCMV-DNA in breast milk was higher than that in plasma and urine.When conducting DNA testing on children infected with HCMV,the age and physiological characteristics of the children should be taken into consideration,and specimen types with high detection rates should be given priority to increase the detection rate of HCMV-DNA.
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