Pathogen detection for infectious diarrhea in Nantong city in 2023
Objective To investigate the distributive characteristics of causative agent of infectious diarrhea in Nantong,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious diarrhea.Methods Fecal samples of patients with infectious diarrhea were collected from sentinel hospitals for detection of 11 kinds of causative agent.According to the National Pathogen Identification Network Laboratory Surveillance Technical Manual(2022 Trial Edition),fecal samples were collected for cultivation,isolation and identification of six enteropathogenic bacteria(Salmonella,Shigella,diarrheogenic Escherichia coli,Vibrio cholerae,Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Campylobacter).Detection of nucleic acid of five diarrheogenic viruses(rotavirus,norovirus,zafiro virus,enteroadenovirus and astrovirus)by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).Results A total of 223 causative agents were detected in 666 cases of infectious diarrhea,the total positive rate was 33.48％.A total of 43 strains of enteropathogenic bacteria were detected,including 25 strains of Salmonella,18 strains of diarrheogenic Escherichia coli,the detection rate was 3.75％,2.70％respectively.Shigella,Vibrio cholerae,V.parahaemolyticus and Campylobacter were not detected.There were 180 strains of diarrhea virus,among which 68 strains were norovirus,42 strains of enteric adenovirus,31 strains of rotavirus,23 strains of astrovirus and 16 strains of zarovirus,the detection rates were 10.21％,6.31％,4.65％,3.45％and 2.40％,respectively.Mixed infection was found in 19 cases(2.85％).Salmonella serotype was Salmonella typhimurium and Norovirus was G2.The total detection rate was the highest in the second quarter,with 17(11.41％)and 48(32.21％)positive cases of bacteria and virus,respectively.The detection rates of norovirus,enteric adenovirus,astrovirus,bacteria,virus and total virus were significantly different in different seasons(x2=18.250,12.848,11.141,10.435,15.826,20.035;all P＜0.05).Conclusions The pathogens causing diarrhea in Nantong were complex and diverse,and they tended to occur in the second quarter.There was a potential risk of epidemic.The public's awareness of health and disease prevention should be strengthened;the supervision of dietary and environmental hygiene in childcare institutions,schools,units and other gatherings should be increased;the monitoring and early warning system for infectious diarrhea should be further improved.
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