Monitoring and analysis of dengue transmission vectors in Siming district,Xiamen city from 2019 to 2023
Objective To analyze the density and seasonal fluctuations of Aedes albopictus population,the vector of dengue fever,in Siming district from 2019 to 2023,providing scientific evidence for the prevention and control of dengue fever.Methods The breteau index(BI)and container index(CI)methods were used to monitor the Aedes albopictus larvae in 10 streets of the district monthly.Data were collated and analyzed using Excel,and the differences in container positivity rates were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software.Results From 2019 to 2023,all monitored Aedes spp.were identified as Aedes albopictus,with no Aedes aegypti detected.The annual average BI was 8.34,and the BI in different streets exhibited varying trends.Specifically,the BI in Binhai,Yundang,and Wucun streets gradually increased over the five years,while the BI in Gulangyu,Kaiyuan,Jialian,Zhonghua,Lujiang,and Lianqian streets first increased and then decreased.The BI in Xiagang street fluctuated between 6 and 7.The peak of BI occurred during June to August(summer).The annual average CI was 48.67％.Monitoring revealed that idle containers(bowls,bottles,etc.)accounted for the highest proportion(61.00％)of breeding sites,while bamboo heads,tree holes,and rock cavities had the highest positive rates(70.97％).There were statistically significant differences in container positive rates over the five years(x=945.916,P＜0.05)and between different containers(water bodies)(x2=466.083,P＜0.05).Conclusions The breeding activities of Aedes albopictus larvae had been monitored throughout the year in our region,posing a risk of dengue transmission.Therefore,environmental improvement,public health education and propaganda should be strengthened to reduce the risk of dengue transmission and epidemic.
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