The characteristics of blood routine examination and coagulation related indexes in Blastocystis hominis patients
Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),thrombin time(TT)and blood routine-related neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)for Blastocystis hominis infection.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 153 patients diagnosed with Blastocystis hominis infection at the Eighth Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University from January 2021 to December 2023,referred to as the infection group.Additionally,60 patients hospitalized during the same period without Blastocystis hominis infection were selected as the control group.Clinical symptoms,stool test results,coagulation,and routine blood test results were compared between the two groups.Results The majority of infected individuals were asymptomatic(76.47％),while 23.53％exhibited gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain,bloating,diarrhea,and constipation.There was no statistically significant difference between the infection and control group in terms of fecal occult blood,routine stool test results and faecal characteristics(all P＞0.05).Coagulation parameters TT,PT and APTT,as well as blood routine-related ratios NLR were significantly higher in the infection group than those in the control group(t/Z=2.839,4.381,3.828,-2.647;all P＜0.05).Other blood results,including red blood cell count,hemoglobin,hematocrit,platelet count,white blood cell count,international normalized ratio,fibrinogen,monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index,showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups(t/Z=-1.254,-0.704,-0.439,-0.083,0.982,1.588,1.183,-1.704,-0.982,-1.901;all P＞0.05).Receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of APTT,PT,TT and NLR were 0.663,0.670,0.619 and 0.617,respectively.The AUC of APTT combined with PT,TT and NLR,APTT combined with PT,TT and APTT combined with PT for diagnosis of Blastocystis hominis infection were 0.692,0.687,0.686,respectively;the sensitivity of APTT combined with PT,TT and NLR was 87.60％.Conclusions The clinical symptoms and fecal examination of patients infected with Blastocystis hominis are non-specific,but elevated levels of hematological parameters such as PT,APTT,TT,and NLR can serve as auxiliary diagnostic indicators for Blastocystis hominis infection.The combination of APTT,PT,TT and NLR could be used for the detection of early infection of Blastocystis hominis.
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