Serological detection of suspected measles and rubella cases in Haizhu district of Guangzhou during 2012 and 2023
Objective To analyze the epidemic features of measles and rubella in Haizhu district of Guangzhou,and provide scientific basis for its prevention and control strategy and measures.Methods Antibody IgM was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)in all suspected measles and rubella cases during 2012 and 2023.The results were analyzed by the statistical software SPSS 24.0.Results In the last 12 years,the overall positive rate of antibody IgM in measles and rubella were 18.06％(244/1 351)and 9.03％(122/1 351),respectively.There was statistical difference in measles and rubella positive rates in each year(x2=161.680,83.700;all P＜0.001).The positive rate of measles after 2017 showed a descending tendency compared with the positive rate of measles during 2012 and 2016.The positive rate of measles was very low during 2020 and 2022.There was no statistical difference between male and female measles and rubella cases(all P＞0.05).The age of measles positive was mainly distributed in 8 months to＜8 years old,15 to＜30 years old,and 30 to above,while the age of rubella positive was mainly distributed in 15 to＜30 years old.The distribution of measles and rubella in each age group was statistically significant(x2=239.980,276.701;all P＜0.001).The measles and rubella positive cases in 2012-2023 were mainly concentrated in May and June.Those with no or unknown immunization history accounted for 70.49％(172/244)of measles positive cases and 82.79％(101/122)of rubella positive cases.Conclusion Vaccination of key populations and susceptible populations should be strengthened,and epidemic monitoring should be strengthened in the peak months to avoid outbreaks.
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