With the explosive growth of data volumes,increasing the power density of individual server racks has become a key solution to balance computing power demands and the capacity of data centers.Traditional air cooling technology has proven inadequate due to its low heat transfer coefficient and insufficient cooling capacity for high-density data centers.Consequently,the use of liquid cooling technology has gradually emerged as an important trend in the development of data centers worldwide.Immersing servers and information technology(IT)related equipments in cooling fluids can significantly reduce energy consumption,accommodate the increasing load density of future infrastructures,and meet national mandato-ry requirements for power utilization efficiency.This paper systematically discusses the classification of immersion cooling fluids for servers,key performance metrics,and typical products,while also providing insights into the future development of liquid cooling,offering references for constructing green and efficient data centers.
mineral oilfluorinated liquidserverimmersion liquid coolingmaterial compatibility
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