CO2 地质利用与封存(CO2 geological utilization and storage,CGUS)是实现"碳中和"目标的重要技术手段,解决 CGUS 过程中的钢材腐蚀问题对于降低 CGUS 技术风险、实现CGUS技术规模化推广应用至关重要.综述了目前已经提出的CO2腐蚀钢材反应机制,总结了CO2 腐蚀钢材的主要影响因素,阐明了CO2 分压、温度、矿化度及pH值、CO2 封存环境中含有杂质、流体流动等因素对钢材腐蚀行为的影响,归纳了适用于CO2 腐蚀钢材防护的主要措施.基于此,提出了CGUS环境下钢材遭受CO2 腐蚀问题的重点研究方向.主要包括:CO2腐蚀钢材反应机制的进一步探究;各项环境因素耦合作用影响CO2 腐蚀规律和腐蚀程度的量化研究;高浓度CO2条件下腐蚀防护技术的开发与应用.
Research progress on corrosion behavior and corrosion control measures of steel under CO2 geological utilization and storage environment
CO2 geological utilization and storage(CGUS)is an important technical means to achieve the goal of"carbon neutrality".Solving the steel corrosion problem in the process of CGUS is crucial to reduce the risk of CGUS technology and achieve the large-scale promotion and application of CGUS technology.In this paper,the proposed reaction mechanism of CO2 corrosion of steel is reviewed,and the main factors influencing CO2 corrosion of steels are summarized.Moreover,the effects of CO2 partial pressure,temperature,salinity and pH value,the CGUS environment containing impurities,fluid flow and other factors on steel corrosion behavior are clarified,and the main protective measures for CO2 corrosion of steels are summarized.On this basis,the key research directions of steel subjected to CO2 corrosion in CGUS environment are put forward.The directions include further exploration of the reaction mechanism of CO2 corrosion of steels,quantitative study on the coupling effect of various environmental factors on the law and degree of CO2 corrosion,as well as the development and application of corrosion protection technologies under high CO2 concentration conditions.
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