山西大同金茂园遗址人群颅骨的形态学
Morphology of the people's skulls from the Jinmaoyuan site in Datong,Shanxi Province
周亚威 1王煜 1侯晓刚 2李树云2
作者信息
- 1. 郑州大学考古与文化遗产学院,郑州 450001
- 2. 大同市考古研究所,大同 037000
- 折叠
摘要
本文对金茂园遗址人颅骨形态学的研究后发现,该墓地居民颅骨特征属于现代亚洲蒙古人种的范畴,并表现出不同程度与东亚和东北亚类型接近的特点.种系纯度检验显示,男女两性均有同种系倾向,但女性各项指标变异范围更大.金茂园组与华南组、华北组关系最近,与通古斯组关系最远.在与古代组比较中,金茂园与以东亚类型为主的新丰组、水泊寺组等古代人群接近,与以北亚类型为主的东大井组、叭沟组等古代人群距离较远.金茂园遗址代表的北魏平城时期人群应是继承了大同地区原住民的遗传学特征,同时也受到了来自北方人群交流与迁徙的影响,尤其在金茂园女性人群中的表现似乎更加强烈.北魏平城时期是我国历史上各民族融合的重要阶段,北魏孝文帝主动汉化的举措,极大程度地推进了拓跋鲜卑与汉族的融合,对大同地区考古遗址出土人骨的研究有助于我们认识鲜卑人群的汉化进程.
Abstract
The Pingcheng Era of the Northern Wei Dynasty is characterized by the integration of various ethnic groups.The sinicization initiative of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty greatly promoted the integration of Tuoba-Xianbei and the Han peoples.Using a cranial morphology study of 82 human skulls from the Jinmaoyuan site of Datong,the following conclusions are drawn:The skulls of the inhabitants of this cemetery can be categorized as belonging to the modern Asian Mongolian group,and they show different degrees of similarity to the East Asian and Northeast Asian types.The germline purity test showed that it was possible for both sexes to have the same line,but variation was larger in women.The Jinmaoyuan group has the closest relationship with the southern Chinese group and the northern Chinese group,and the least close relationship with the Tonggusi group.Compared to ancient groups,the results of the principal component analysis show that Jinmaoyuan is close to the ancient East Asian groups,such as the Xinfeng and Shuiposi groups,and significantly different from the ancient Dongdajing and Pagou peoples,who mainly belong to the North Asian type.Combined this analysis with those ethnological,archaeological and historical study results,we believe that the people of the Pingcheng Era represented by Jinmaoyuan site has inherited the genetic characteristics of the indigenous people of the Datong region,and was also influenced by communication with and migration of people from the North,which is more obvious in the female people than male people of the Jinmaoyuan site.
关键词
颅骨/形态/东亚/民族融合/北魏Key words
skull/morphology/East Asian/ethnic integration/Northern Wei Dynasty引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社科基金重大项目(19ZDA227)
国家重点研发计划课题(2020YFC1521607)
郑州市重大横向项目(2018-ZDSKHX-024)
2023年河南省高校创新人才支持计划(2023-CXRC-17)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据