As an emerging frontier technology that deeply integrates life sciences and information technology,brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)have seen rapid development in recent years,with significant breakthroughs occurring frequently.However,these advancements have also sparked numerous ethical debates.The challenges that BCIs pose to traditional ethical principles span physical,psychological,and social dimensions.With invasive BCIs already approved for clinical trials,the questions of how to construct ethically sound BCIs has become a focal point for neuroscientists,engineers,and ethicists worldwide.To mitigate the ethical risks associated with BCIs,it is crucial to strengthen regulation and management,enhance ethical awareness and literacy,and deepen interdisciplinary collaboration.By establishing comprehensive ethical guidelines and regulatory mechanisms,we can ensure that BCI technology cogently enhances human well-being.
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