Synthesis and properties of low-foaming surfactant AMEO
A series of low-foaming surfactants with different oxyethylene content, i.e., H(OCH2CH2) xOCH2CH2NHOC(CH2) 7 CONHCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O) yH (AMEO- p, p=30, 40, 50, 60 and 70), were synthesized by ethoxylation reaction. The target product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, and the actual oxyethylene content was determined which was found to be in agreement with the theoretical oxyethylene content. The application properties such as wettability, detergency and foaming performance of AMEO-p were tested, and AMEO-50 was preferably selected due to its good wettability, strong detergency and low foam. The surface activity and physical and chemical properties were systematically studied. The results showed that, the relative stain removal ratio of AMEO-50 could reach 0.91 for carbon black stained cloths and 0.67 for sebum-stained cloths, and the critical micelle concentration of AMEO-50 was 0.5 g/L, at which the surface tension was 31.21 mN/m. The increase in concentration resulted in a shorter equilibrium time for the dynamic surface tension and a faster rate of surface tension reduction. In addition, AMEO-50 was miscible with water in any mixing ratio, it had high cloud point and low freezing point, it had no gel phase area, and it was a low-foaming surfactant that could be used in the formulation of ultra-concentrated detergent products with a wide range of application temperature.
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