Application of chestnut shell pigment in hair dyes
The toxicity evaluation of the prepared chestnut shell pigment hair dye was conducted by using acute percutaneous toxicity test and acute eye irritation/corrosion test in this study. The hair dyeing process of the chestnut shell pigments was optimized by single-factor experiments and was further analyzed for fading phenomena (washing and UV irradiation fading) of the dyed hair by chromatography, texturizing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicate that hair dyes made from chestnut shell pigments are practically non-toxic and non-irritating. The hair dyeing conditions after optimization of the chestnut shell pigment are as follow: chestnut shell pigment concentration of 0.15 g/mL, colorants pH of 8.5, FeCl3 addition amount of 10%, dyeing temperature of 45 ℃, and dyeing method of pre-mordant method. The maximum dE* value of the dyed hair after washing is only 6.348, and the maximum dE* values after UV (UVA and UVB) irradiation are 3.340 and 3.280, with no significant change in fading or in the tensile strength of the hair. SEM results show that there is no obvious warping of hair surface scales after washing and UV irradiation of the dyed hair, so the dye is not easily washed off from the hair. DSC results indicate that the enthalpy of denaturation of the dyed hair decrease gradually with the increase of washing temperature, so the increase of temperature will reduce the α-keratin content of the dyed hair. And the enthalpy of denaturation of the dyed hair after UV irradiation is not significantly different from that of the hair without UV irradiation, indicating that UV irradiation damage to α-keratin in dyed hair is less. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the hair-dyeing performance of chestnut shell pigments, aiming to provide a corresponding theoretical basis and technical support for the high-value application of chestnut shell waste, which is more conducive to guide and promote the development of chestnut industry.