Preparation,properties and applications of natural biomass materials(Ⅶ)Branched heteroglycan anionic polysaccharides:gum tragacanth
Gum tragacanth is a kind of polysaccharide extracted from natural herbal plant astragalus membranaceus,which is distinguished by its chemical stability,non-teratogenicity,non-immunogenicity,biodegradability,biocompatibility and natural non-toxicity.Moreover its physical and chemical properties can be significantly improved,and its application performance can be significantly enhanced through molecular modification,chemical cross-linking,graft copolymerization and other modification treatments by utilizing the active functional groups in its molecular structure,such as hydroxyl group,carboxyl group and glycosidic bond.As a result,gum tragacanth and its modified products have been widely used not only in the field of medicine,but also in the fields of food processing,water treatment,medical materials and daily chemical products.In this paper,the source,composition and structure,the main physicochemical properties and functions of gum tragacanth,the key extraction and purification technologies,as well as some recent application examples of gum tragacanth in the above fields are briefly presented.Additionally,the existing challenges and future prospects of research and development of gum tragacanth and its modified derivatives are also highlighted in this paper.
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