Differences in Steroid Hormone Contents between Goat and Cow Milk at Different Lactation Stages
Purpose:To understand the differences in steroid hormone contents between goat and cow milk at different lactation stages.Methods:The contents of steroid hormones in goat and cow milk at different lactation stages were investigated using ultra-high liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS).Gradient elution was performed using 0.5 mmol/L ammonium fluoride aqueous solution as mobile phase A and methanol as mobile phase B at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min,and the target analytes were qualitatively and quantitatively detected using an electrospray ionization(ESI)source in the multiple reactions monitoring(MRM)mode.Results:A total of 11 steroid hormones,17α-hydroxyprogesterone,17α-pregnenolone,epi-testosterone,pregnenolone,progesterone,androstenedione,testosterone,estradiol,estrogen,cortisol,and cortisone,were detected from goat and cow milk samples.At the early lactation stage,the contents of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone,estrogen and cortisol showed significant differences between goat and cow milk(P<0.05),and the contents of progesterone and progesterone showed extremely significant differences(P<0.01);at the full lactation stage,significant differences in the contents 17α-hydroxyprogesterone,17α-pregnenolone,androstenedione,and cortisone(P<0.05),and extremely significant differences in the contents of progesterone and pregnenolone were found(P<0.01);at the late lactation stage,significant differences in the contents of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone,androstenedione,estrogen,and cortisol(P<0.05)were observed as well as extremely significant differences in the content of 17α-hydroxypregnenolone,pregnenolone,and progesterone(P<0.01).Conclusion:The differences in steroid hormone contents between goat and cow milk may be due to different pregnancy status.
ultra-high liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometrygoat milkcow milklactation periodsteroid hormonescontent differences
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