汉日"拒绝"类隐性否定动词对比研究——以同形词"拒绝"和「拒絶する」为例
A Contrastive Study on Implicit Negative Verbs Between Chinese and Japanese Expressing"Refusal":Taking the Homographs"jujue"and"kyozetsusuru"as Examples
郭蓉菲 1冯颖1
作者信息
摘要
汉日同形词"拒绝"和「拒絶する」均表示"不接受""不采纳"或"不服从"."拒绝"一词所接宾语多指代特定具体的对象,且常以"一量(形)名"形式出现,「拒絶する」一词所接宾语则多表抽象意义,且多以光杆名词形式出现.在句法上,两者均可构成羡余否定,汉语较日语常见且多用于口语体中.此外,两者均可允准否定极项词共现,但汉语"拒绝"还可添加显性的否定标记.由于语言类型的不同和中日文化差异,汉语"拒绝"的使用频率明显高于日语「拒絶する」,且在书面语体的各种文体中均有一定分布,「拒絶する」则仅以书面语体的「書籍」等文体为主.
Abstract
Both the Chinese and Japanese homographs jujue(refuse)and"kyozetsusuru"mean"not accept""not adopt"and"not obey"."jujue"in Chinese is often followed by a specific object in the form of"yi+quantifier+(adjective)+noun",while"kyozetsusuru"in Japanese tends to follow an object representing abstract meaning,which often appears in the form of a bare noun.Syntactically,both can form redundant negation,but the Chinese construction is more common than the Japanese one,and is often used in spoken language.Additionally,both allow co-occurrence with negative polarity items,but in Chinese,"jujue"can also include an explicit negation marker.Due to the differences in linguistic types and the cultural contrast between China and Japan,the frequency of"jujue"in Chinese is obviously higher than that of"kyozetsusuru"in Japanese,which appears across various genres of written language,while the Japanese case is mainly found in written forms,such as books and other formal texts.
关键词
拒绝/「拒絶する」/语义/句法/语体/汉日对比Key words
jujue/kyozetsusuru/semantics/syntax/register/contrast between Chinese and Japanese引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
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