Vimalakirti Belief and Vimalakirti Sutra Images in the Span of Three Kingdoms Period,Western and Eastern Jin Periods,and the Northern Wei Period
Before the Northern Wei Period,there existed two forms of belief in Vimalakirti,namely the"Metaphysical"and the"Mahayana"beliefs in Vimalakirti.In the Western and Eastern Jin Periods and the Southern Dynasty,a single Vimalakirti statue addressed the nobleness of Vimalakirti,which suggested the"meta-physical"Vimalakirti belief.In Bingling Temple,the Vimalakirti images of the Western Qin regime emphasized classical doctrine,Vimalakirti,and Manjuist(Shakya-muni Buddha),which is related to"Mahayana"Vimalakirti belief.The Vimalakirti Sutra images in Yungang and Longmen grottoes are the products of both beliefs:on the one hand,the upsurge of Vimalakirti Sutra images was attributable to the re-input of"metaphysical"Vimalakirti belief;on the other hand,the Vimalakirti Sutra images were always a subordinate part of the dominant Saddharmapundarika Sutra images and jointly advocated the Mahayana teachings.
Three Kingdoms Period and Western and Eastern Jin PeriodsNorthern Wei PeriodVimalakirti beliefVimalakirti Sutra images
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