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放牧对草地生态系统恢复力稳定性影响的研究

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陆地生态系统中最重要的就是草地生态系统,但其经受着越来越多的威胁,其中影响最大的因素就是放牧.为了保护草地生态系统,需要研究放牧对草地生态系统恢复力稳定性的影响.从放牧对草地生态系统恢复力稳定性的表现形式以及传导途径出发,探讨放牧对草地生态系统的影响机理,通过对已有文献的梳理,首次分析了恢复力稳定性的内在机制,然后从物种多样性、复杂性以及土壤性状等因素为中间传导,探讨放牧对生态系统的影响.然后,研究草地生态系统的内在因素和外在因素与恢复力稳定性的关系,从而从定性的角度得到放牧直接和间接对草地生态系统恢复力稳定性的影响.结果表明,轻度放牧和中度放牧下,物种多样性、物种复杂性会提高,而这些因素与草地生态系统恢复力稳定性呈正相关的关系,进而提高草地生态系统的恢复力稳定性.而放牧对土壤性状的影响不一致,大多数研究结果表明,不放牧或轻度放牧可以提高土壤的养分、含水量.所以说,适度放牧对生态系统恢复力稳定性有着积极的影响.同时也发现,放牧对于土壤理化性质中的pH影响结果出现不一致的看法,未来可以着重从这个角度出发,研究不同学者研究结果差异性的原因,从而找到放牧对土壤理化性质影响的一致性观点.
Study on the effects of grazing on the stability of grassland ecosystem resilience
Grassland ecosystems,the most important of all terrestrial ecosystems,are under increasing threat.The most influential factor is grazing.In order to protect grassland ecosystem,the influence of grazing on the stability of grassland ecosystem resilience was stud-ied.Based on the expression form and transmission path of grazing on the stability of grassland ecosystem resilience,the influence mecha-nism of grazing on grassland ecosystem was discussed.The internal mechanism of resilience stability was analyzed for the first time through the review of existing literature,and then the influence of grazing on grassland ecosystem was discussed through the intermediate transmis-sion of species diversity,complexity and soil properties.Then,the relationship between the internal and external factors of grassland eco-system and the stability of resilience was studied,and the direct and indirect effects of grazing on the stability of grassland ecosystem were obtained qualitatively.The results showed that species diversity and species complexity would increase under light and moderate grazing,and these factors were positively correlated with the stability of grassland ecosystem resilience,thus improving the stability of grassland eco-system resilience.However,the results of grazing on soil properties are inconsistent,and most of the results show that no grazing or light grazing can increase soil nutrients and water content.Therefore,moderate grazing has a positive impact on the stability of ecosystem resili-ence.At the same time,it is also found that there are inconsistent views on the effects of grazing on PH in soil physical and chemical prop-erties.In the future,we can focus on studying the reasons for the differences in the research results of different scholars from this perspec-tive,so as to find a consistent view on the effects of grazing on soil physical and chemical properties.

grazinggrassresilience stabilityconduction pathwayinfluencing factor

张军、申朝凤、刘菊红

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内蒙古农业大学理学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018

放牧 草地 恢复力稳定性 传导途径 影响因素

2024

草学
四川省草原科学研究院 四川省畜牧兽医学会

草学

影响因子:0.246
ISSN:2096-3971
年,卷(期):2024.(6)