四川王朗国家级自然保护区红喉雉鹑的巢特征和巢址选择
Nest Characteristics and Nest Site Selection of Tetraophasis obscurus in the Wanglang National Nature Reserve,Sichuan
许路 1余鳞 2白俊 1张塔星 1曹亚珍 1马朝娟 3周智强 2冉江洪1
作者信息
- 1. 四川大学生命科学学院,生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室,成都 610065
- 2. 四川王朗国家级自然保护区管理局,四川平武 622550
- 3. 理县林业和草原局,四川理县 623100
- 折叠
摘要
2021年和2022年的3-7月,在四川王朗国家级自然保护区采用跟踪观察和系统搜索法,对红喉雉鹑Tetraophasis obscurus的巢特征和巢址选择进行了研究.结果显示:(1)红喉雉鹑可筑地面和树上2种巢型,以树上巢为主,占88.24%(15/17);巢材包括树皮、枯草、羽毛、针叶和苔藓等.(2)树上巢均位于方枝柏Sabina saltuaria树枝基部,距离地面平均高度3.05 m±0.23 m(1.64～4.45 m),巢平均深度2.88 cm±0.07 cm(2.4～3.4 cm).(3)红喉雉鹑偏好在坡度较小、草本盖度和落叶盖度较大、植被郁闭条件较好且距水源距离较近的生境中筑巢;草本盖度和落叶盖度是影响红喉雉鹑选择筑巢生境的关键因子,表明其选择巢址时受到安全因素和食物资源的双重影响.本研究结果丰富了红喉雉鹑繁殖生态学的基础资料,为物种保护和生境管理提供了科学依据.
Abstract
The nest and nest site selection of birds are extremely important for their breeding success.Chestnut-throated partridge(Tetraophasis obscurus)is an endemic species in China and a class Ⅰ nationally key protected wildlife.In this study,the nest characteristics and nest site selection of T.obscurus were studied in the Wanglang National Nature Reserve(Sichuan Province,China)from March to July of 2021 and 2022,using follow-up observations and systematic search meth-ods.The results showed that(1)T.obscurus could build two types of nests(on the ground and in the tree),and preferred to nest in trees(88.24%,15/17);nest materials included bark,dead grass,feathers,needles and mosses.(2)All the nests were located at the base of Sabina saltuaria branches,with an average height of 3.05 m±0.23 m(1.64-4.45 m)from the ground and an average depth of 2.88 cm±0.07 cm(2.4-3.4 cm).(3)Nest sites frequently distributed in smaller slopes,higher herbaceous and deciduous coverage,better vegetation cover conditions,and closer water sources;the herba-ceous coverage and deciduous coverage were the key factors influencing the selection of nesting habitats,this indicated that the nest site selection of T.obscurus was associated with safety factors and food resources.The results of this study enrich the basic information on the breeding ecology of T.obscurus and provide scientific basis for species protection and habitat management.
关键词
红喉雉鹑/巢/巢址选择/雉类/濒危物种Key words
Tetraophasis obscurus/nest/nest site selection/pheasant/endangered species引用本文复制引用
基金项目
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究资助项目(2019QZKK0402)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据