Multi-omics analysis of lipid metabolism in Bacillus aryabhattai NM1-A2 under ammonium stress
To explore the specific role of lipid metabolism in resisting ammonium stress,Bacillus aryabhat-tai NM1-A2,a highly ammonium-tolerant strain,was used in this study.Whole-genome and transcriptome analyses were performed to excavate lipid metabolism pathways and key genes.Quantitative analysis of differ-entially expressed genes was conducted by real-time quantitative PCR.Then,the content of malondialdehyde and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were determined.The results showed that,under ammonium stress,the expression levels of genes related to fatty acid synthesis(i.e.,accC,fabG,and fabF)were upregulated,and the expression levels of most genes related to fatty acid degradation(i.e.,ACSL,fadB,and fadN)were downregulated,probably leading to accumulation of fatty acid.The expression level of ALDH encoding aldehyde dehydrogenase was upregulated to reduce the accumulation of lipid oxidation products.In addition,ammonium stress induced an increase in the expression levels and activities of antioxidant enzymes such as su-peroxide dismutase,peroxidase and catalase to reduce reactive oxygen species and cell damage.Therefore,active lipid metabolism and antioxidant enzyme systems are important pathways for B.aryabhattai NM1-A2 to resist ammonium stress.
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