摘要
目的:探讨基于知信行的护理干预模式在登革热患者防治护理中的应用效果.方法:选取国家疾病监测报告管理系统 2019 年4 月至2023 年10 月105 例登革热患者作为研究对象.对患者实施基于知信行的护理干预.比较干预前、后患者知信行评分、自我管理能力测量表(ESCA)及焦虑自评表(SAS)及抑郁自评表(SDS)评分并调查虫媒监测情况.结果:干预后患者知信行评分及ESCA评分明显高于干预前,SAS、SDS评分明显低于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在 30 户家庭和 73 个容器中,初始监测发现 4 户家庭和 9 个容器有伊蚊或其卵,布雷图指数(BI)为 30,容器指数(CI)为 13.33,房屋指数(HI)为 12.33;经过应急消杀灭卫生大扫除后的连续监测评估,BI、CI、HI三者依次从 25、10.26 及 10.47 降至 0.结论:在登革热患者中实施基于知信行的护理干预模式,可有效改善患者心理状况,提高其知信行评分、自我管理能力.
Abstract
Objective:To explore the effectiveness of a nursing intervention model based on knowledge,trust and behaviour in the prevention and treatment care of patients with dengue fever.Methods:A total of 105 dengue fever patients were selected from the National Disease Surveillance and Reporting Management System from April 2019 to October 2023 in this study.They were implemented by nursing interventions based on knowledge,belief and action.Before and after the intervention,the scores of knowledge and trust behaviour scale,self-management ability scale(ESCA),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were compared.And Insect media monitoring situation were investigated.Results:After intervention the score of knowledge and trust behaviour and ESCA score were higher than those before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The scores of SAS and SDS after intervention were significantly lower than those before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Of the 30 households and 73 containers,4 households and 9 containers were found to have Aedes mosquitoes or their eggs,with a Breteau Index(BI)of 30,container index(CI)of 13.33,and housing index(HI)of 12.33.After continuous monitoring and evaluation after emergency disinfection and health cleaning,BI,CI and HI all showed a downward trend,from 25,10.26,10.47 to 0 respectively.Conclusion:The implementation of knowledge and trust behaviour based nursing intervention model in dengue patients can effectively improve the psychological condition of the patients,their scores of knowledge,belief and action,and self-management skills.
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