Research Progress on the Application of Forward Osmosis Water Treatment Combined Process
Forward osmosis (FO) is a spontaneously membrane separation process which is driven by the osmotic pressure difference across a semipermeable membrane.There is no extra pressure added during this process,the operation energy consumption is low,and FO membrane fouling is light and easy to clean.All of these advantages allow FO technology becoming a hot spot in the field of water treatment.However,lack of suitable recovery techniques of draw solutes in FO process,make it difficult to function independently as a water treatment process,thus,FO process need to collaborate with other technologies in actual operations.Based on the characteristics of FO and other water treatment processes,the combinedprocess of reclaiming and direct utilization of FO draw solutes was introduced,the application of FO as the pretreatment process was described,and then the potential of the combined process of FO and other membrane separation processes was analyzed.Finally,the application of hybrid FO process in various fields of water treatment was summarized and forecasted.
forward osmosismembrane separationdraw solutioncombined process
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