Genetic Diversity Assessment and Comprehensive Evaluation of High-Oil Peanut Varieties Based on Principal Component and Cluster Analysis
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the genetic diversity of high-oil peanut varieties and perform a comprehensively analysis and evaluation to facilitate the promotion and utilization of high-oil peanut cultivars in agricultural production and breeding programs.[Method]A total of 22 high-oil peanut varieties from the Henan peanut combination test(2019-2021)were selected for examination.Principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis were applied to 18 key traits including agronomy,yield and quality parameters,utilizing SPSS software for data processing.[Result]A rich ge-netic foundation was observed across the 18 traits with a variation range of 0.02 to 0.33.Oleic acid con-tent exhibited the highest variation coefficient(0.33),while oil content showed the lowest(0.02).Corre-lation analysis indicated that oil content is negatively correlated to protein content,but positively corre-lated with pod yield and kernel yield.The protein content was positively correlated to the main stem height,the lateral branch length,100-pod weight,100-kernel weight,and positively correlated to the growth period,and negatively correlated to the pod number per kilogram,kernel number per kilogram,kernel rate,full pod rate,oil content and kernel yield.Pod yield was positively correlated to oil content and kernel yield.The analysis results showed that the oil content of high-oil peanut was closely related to its yield,and the yield traits,agronomic traits and quality traits had certain effects.Eighteen main traits indexes were synthesized into 4 main component impact factors by using principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was 84.541％,which could represent 18 traits indexes to evaluate the high-oil peanut varieties comprehensively.The 22 varieties were divided into 4 groups by cluster analysis,and the characters of each group were different.The first category:they had longer growth pe-riod,higher plant type,relatively less branches and pods,big kernel,relatively lower oil content,rela-tively higher protein content,higher oleic acid content and lower yield.The second category:their growth period was about 120 days,and they had high plant type,more branches and pods,bigger kernel,higher oil content,relatively lower oleic acid content,the highest yield.The third category:they had shorter growth period,about 114 days,shorter plant type,the most branches and pods,smaller kernel,high kernel rate and full pod rate,higher oil content,lower protein content,higher oleic acid content and yield.The fourth category:they had the shorest growth period,about 113 days,short plant type,less branches and pods,smaller kernel,high kernel rate and full pod rate,higher oil content,low pro-tein content,lower oleic acid content,higher yield.[Conclusion]Pod type,yield and oil content,branch and plant height can be used as important reference indexes for the selection of high-quality and high-oil peanut varieties,and 22 high-oil peanut varieties can be classified into 4 categories:big-pod,early-maturing and high-oil peanut;big-pod,high-yield and high-oil peanut;small-pod,high-yield and high-oil peanut;small-pod,high-yield and high-oil peanut.This study provides a reference for breeding and utilization of high-oil peanut varieties.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
维普
