Effect of Planting Density on Material Accumulation and Yield of Silage Maize-Soybean in Strip Intercropping in Irrigation Areas of the Northern Xinjiang
[Objective]The aim of this study was to determine the optimal density configuration for the si-lage maize-soybean strip intercropping system in the irrigation areas of Northern Xinjiang and to unlock the full biological yield potential of the populations.[Method]A two-factor split-plot experimental design was employed,with the primary factor being maize density:A1,A2,A3(2021:6.75×104,8.25×104,9.75×104 plants/hm2,2022:9×104,10.5×104,12×104 plants/hm2)and the co-factor was soybean density:B1,B2,B3(2021:12×104,15×104,18×104 plants/hm2,2022:15×104,18×104,21×104 plants/hm2),to analyse the effect.The experiment analyzed the effects of different planting densities on the material accumulation and population biological yield of maize-soybean in strip intercropping.[Result]As maize density increased from 6.75×104 to 12×104 plants/hm2,the dry matter of maize plants decreased by an average of 35.46%,the pre-anthesis accumulation decreased by an average of 25.42%,and the time to reach the maximum growth rate(Tmax),the biomass at the maximum growth rate(Wmax),and the active growing period(P)decreased by an average of 10.99%,39.48%and 1.78%.However,maize bio-logical yield,daily dry matter accumulation,post-anthesis accumulation,maximum growth rate(Gmax),and average growth rate(Gmean)initially increased and then decreased with increasing maize density,peaking at a density of 10.5×104 plants/hm2 density.The dry matter per plant,pre-anthesis accumula-tion,Wmax,Gmax and Gmean of soybean showed a decreasing trend with increasing densities of both maize and soybean,while post-anthesis accumulation,Tmax and the active growing period(P)showed an increasing trend.The highest yield of 64.99 t/hm2 was recorded in 2022 under the A2B3 treatment in the strip inter-cropping population,represnting an increase in yield of 11.98 t/hm2 compared to the A1B1 treatment.Re-gression analysis of population dry matter accumulation(Y)and planting density(A and B)that Y reached a high value of 24.87 t/hm2 when A was 10.84×104 plants/hm2 and B was 19.41×104 plants/hm2.[Conclusion]The biological yield of its intercropping populations reached the maximum value at densi-ties of 10.5×104 plants/hm2 for maize and 21×104 plants/hm2 for soybeans,providing a reference for the suitable planting densities of maize and soybeans in the Northern Xinjiang Irrigation Areas.
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