Effect of Maize-Soybean Relay Strip Intercropping on Soil Fertility
[Objective]This paper was conducted to clarify the effects of maize-soybean relay strip inter-cropping on soil fertility,enzyme activity,aggregate content,and changes in crop yield.[Method]This study used"Denghai 605"as the test maize variety and"Nandou 12"as the test soybean variety.It sets up treatments of maize-soybean strip intercropping,monoculture of maize and monoculture of soybean to systematically investigate the effects of different treatments on soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and available phosphorus,total potassium and available potassium,pH,bulk density,ure-ase,sucrase,acid phosphatase,nitrate reductase,aggregates content,and crop yield.[Result]Maize-soybean relay strip intercropping significantly increased the organic matter,available phosphorus,and available potassium in the soil of the corn and soybean strips,with increases of 18.1%,14.9%,and 21.8%,respectively,in the maize strip and increases of 17.7%and 34.9%in organic matter and avail-able potassium,respectively,in the soybean strip.The increase in available phosphorus was small and not significant,and the total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium content and pH were main-tained.The bulk density of the soil in the corn strip significantly decreased by 3.3%,while that in the soy-bean strip significantly increased by 4.7%.Strip intercropping significantly increased the activity of su-crose enzyme and urease by 16.3%and 20.5%,respectively,in the maize strip and 133.7%and 66.2%,respectively,in the soybean strip.The activity of acid phosphatase and nitrate reductase was stable.Strip intercropping promoted the formation of large aggregates,with significant increases in the＞2 mm aggre-gate of 18.8%and 22.2%in the intercropping maize and soybean strips,respectively,and decreases in the other aggregate sizes to varying degrees.There was no significant difference in thousand-grain weight,grain number,effective plant number,and yield between strip intercropping maize and monoculture corn.The effective plant number and grain number per plant in strip intercropping soybean were significantly lower than those in monoculture,by 12.94%and 26.51%,respectively,while the hundred-grain weight was stable,ultimately resulting in a soybean yield of 60.9%of that monoculture.[Conclusion]The re-lay maize-soybean intercropping pattern improves soil fertility,significantly increasing the contents of or-ganic matter,available potassium,and available phosphorus.It maintains the stability of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium content,and pH in the soil.Additionally,it significantly increases the activities of soil urease and invertase,thereby facilitating soil nutrient transformation and plant absorp-tion and utilization.Strip intercropping also promotes the transformation of small aggregates into stable large aggregates,thereby improving soil permeability and the ability to retain water and fertilizers.To a certain extent,it affects the chemical properties of the soil and meets the growth needs of maize and soy-beans.Therefore,maize-soybean strip intercropping can improve both the chemical and physical proper-ties of the soil,enhance soil fertility,maintain comparable maize yields to monoculture,and can addi-tionally harvest soybeans equivalent to 60.9%of the yield of monoculture soybeans.
maize-soybean relay strip intercroppingsoil fertilitysoil enzymesaggregatemaize and soybean yield
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