Effects of Drought Stress on Physiological Characteristics and Stomatal Morphology of Different Cassava Seedlings
[Objective]To investigate the photosynthetic characteristics and physiological responses of cassava seedlings under drought stress,and to compare the drought tolerance among cassava varieties.[Method]Five cassava varieties were selected as experimental materials.Pot experiments were con-ducted,with normal water supply(CK)and severe drought stress(D)treatments were set up to study the changes in physiological indicators such as photosynthesis,osmotic regulators,membrane lipid per-oxide content,antioxidant enzyme activity,and stomatal morphology of cassava seedlings during drought stress and rehydration.[Result]① After drought stress,the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conduc-tance,intercellular CO2 concentration,and transpiration rate of each variety of each cassava variety de-creased compared with the control.② After drought stress,the soluble sugars and proline accumulate in cassava leaves,while the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase increase significantly,and the content of malondialdehyde increases to varying degrees.After rehydration,the above indicators decrease or return to the control level.③ Compared to other varieties,the stomatal density of 1-3-4 increased and the opening significantly decreased after drought stress.[Conclusion]It can be concluded that under drought stress,cassava can resist drought by changing its own osmotic regulation ability,enzymatic anti-oxidant activity,and leaf water retention ability.In summary,cassava variety 1-3-4 have better photo-synthetic performance,physiological characteristics,and drought resistance than other varieties,and can quickly restore plant growth after restoring water supply,thus demonstrating strong drought resistance.
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