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行政举报的法律关系解析

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行政举报作为行政执法领域的公私合作行为,各方主体发生法律上的特定联系既是法律规范的实现形式,也蕴含着复杂多样的法律关系.解构行政举报功能价值的过程中,行政行为这个理论工具存在短板,而法律关系可提供更为全面的分析框架与方法指引.行政举报法律关系到的主体比较广泛,其实施行为应具备合理相信与善意两个标准;客体可分为"对人性"与"对事性"两类,二者指向被举报事项的违法性.通过明确行政举报的权利属性并展开法律解释,发现它属于一种"作为特定法律技术"的权利.举报人与行政机关的合作型行政法律关系、被举报人与行政机关的处理类行政法律关系、举报人与被举报人的民事法律关系,共同构成了完满的行政举报法律关系,三方的权利义务结构丰富了行政法律关系的学理,并预示着社会治理模式的创新发展.
Analysis of the Legal Relationship of Administrative Reporting
As a public-private cooperation in the field of administrative law enforcement,administrative reporting has a specific legal connection between the subjects of all parties,which is not only the realization form of legal norms,but also contains complex and diverse legal relations.In the process of deconstructing the functional value of admin-istrative reporting,the author finds that the administrative behavior,as a theoretical tool,has shortcomings and the legal relationship can provide a more comprehensive analytical framework and methodological guidance.The sub-jects of the legal relationship of administrative reporting are relatively extensive,and the implementation behavior should have two standards:reasonable trust and goodwill.Objects can be divided into two categories:"individuals being reported"and"events being reported",which point to the illegality of the reported matter.Clarifying the right attribute of administrative report and carrying out legal interpretation,the author finds that it belongs to a kind of right of being used as"a specific legal technology".The cooperative administrative legal relationship between the informant and the administrative organ,the handling administrative legal relationship between the reported person and the administrative organ,and the civil legal relationship between the informant and the reported person consti-tute a perfect administrative reporting legal relationship.The structure of rights and obligations of the three parties enriches the theory of administrative legal relationship and indicates the innovative development of social governance model.

administrative reportinglegal relationsadministrative law enforcementhandling the complaint immedi-atelysocial governance

李凌云

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北京物资学院法学院,北京 101149

行政举报 法律关系 行政执法 接诉即办 社会治理

中国法学会部级重点课题

CLS2021B09

2024

西华师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
西华师范大学

西华师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.185
ISSN:1672-9684
年,卷(期):2024.(1)
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