In 1989,a batch of Buddhist relics from the Northern Song Dynasty were discovered in Jinshan Western Pagoda of Linhai,including statues of Buddha,Bodhisattva,heavenly king,sudhana,bricks with Buddha image,small pagodas and so on,which are important examples of Buddhist offerings in the Northern Song Dynasty.Pottery pagodas of Song Dynasty are very rare,and the newly discovered small hollow pottery pagodas enrich the variety of Song Dynasty pagodas.The Buddha and Bodhisattva statues are more aesthetically secularized,mostly in Amitabha Mudra,which reflects the widespread popularity of pure land beliefs in Linhai area in the Northern Song Dynasty,as well as the secularization and popularization of Buddhism in this area at that time.During the Northern Song Dynasty,the development and prosperity of commodity economy and worldly life in the Linhai region contributed to the integration of Buddhism into secular society,which was further encouraged by the active and effective response of the eminent monks of Tiantai sect.The secularization and popularization reflected in the Buddhist relics discovered in Jinshan Western Pagoda was the result of rapid integrative development of regional social economy,culture and religious beliefs.
Northern Song DynastyBuddhist statuesPottery pagodaBuddhism belief