摘要
基于2018年流动人口动态监测调查数据分析了农民工从事自我雇佣的收入效应及其异质性特征.研究发现:自我雇佣与机会型自雇对农民工收入产生了显著的促进效应,但生存型自雇却明显抑制了农民工的收入提升.机会型自雇对农民工收入的影响呈"线性上升型"趋势,且总体无显著差异.而自我雇佣与生存型自雇在低分位点上对农民工收入产生了显著的抑制效应,但随着分位点的提高,对农民工收入的影响亦表现出"线性上升型"趋势,两者整体呈"正U型"发展趋势并表现出明显的两极分化现象.自我雇佣、机会型自雇以及生存型自雇对层次较高的产业、东中部区域、男性、年龄相对较小及受教育水平较高的农民工产生了更加明显的收入促进效应.研究为完善促进农民工更充分、更高质量就业的公共政策提供了有益借鉴.
Abstract
Based on the 2018 China Migrants Dynamic Surveydata(CMDS),this paper analyzes the income effect of migrant workers'self-employment and its heterogeneous characteristics.The results show that self-employment and opportunistic self-employment had a significant promoting effect on the income of migrant workers,but subsistence self-employment signifi-cantly inhibited the increase of migrant workers'income.The impact of opportunistic self-employment on the income of migrant workers shows a"linear upward"trend,and there is no significant difference overall.Self-employment and subsistence self-employment have a significant suppressive effect on migrant workers'income at the low quantile,but as the quantile increases,the effect on migrant workers'income also shows a"linear upward"trend,the two are generally in a"positive U-shaped"development trend and show a clear polarization.Self-employment,opportunistic self-employment,and subsistence self-employment have more pro-nounced income-boosting effects for migrant workers in higher-level industries,in the east-central region,among men,at relatively younger ages,and with higher levels of education.This study provides a useful reference for the improvement of public policies to promote the fuller and higher quality employment of migrant workers.
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