首页|中国社区嵌入式养老:现状与问题浅析

中国社区嵌入式养老:现状与问题浅析

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为实现全体老年人享有基本养老服务的目标,社区嵌入式是未来中国养老服务发展的重点方向.社区嵌入式养老是指通过下沉与整合各类服务资源,在社区内打造集居家、社区、机构服务为一体的养老综合体,以实现在家中或家门口就近就便享受优质养老服务的一种新型养老模式.基于嵌入性的理论视角,研究从需求嵌入、资源嵌入、主体嵌入与理念嵌入四个维度构建了中国社区嵌入式养老的制度框架,并对当前社区嵌入式养老的服务项目、服务设施及运营模式进行了系统归纳.研究发现中国社区嵌入式养老发展面临着多维度的嵌入问题,这集中表现为:供需关系存在错位,缺乏有效链接机制;专业服务人才有限,服务品质良莠不齐;权责利益交织纵横,多方主体协同困难;地区基础存在差异,经验范式推广受阻等.基于此,建议政府、社区、企业及社会组织等应进一步明晰主体职责定位,结合地区特点,依托有利资源,合力推动社区嵌入式养老实现高质量发展.
Community-embedded Elderly Care in China:Brief Analysis of Current Situations and Issues
To achieve the goal of providing basic elderly care services to all older adults,community embedding is the key direction for the future development of elderly care services in China.Community-embedded elderly care refers to the creation of comprehensive elderly care complexes within communities by sinking and integrating various service resources,integrating home-based,community,and institutional services to provide a new model of elderly care where high-quality services are conveniently available at home or within the community.From the perspective of embeddedness theory,research has constructed the institutional framework of community-embedded elderly care in China from four dimensions:demand embedding,resource embedding,subject embedding,and concept embedding.Furthermore,it systematically-summarizes the service projects,facilities,and operational models of current community-embedded elderly care.The research reveals that the development of community embedded elderly care in China faces multidimensional embedding issues,primarily manifested as misalignment in supply-demand relationships with a lack of effective linkage mechanisms;limited professional service talents leading to inconsistent service quality;complexities in the intertwining of rights,responsi-bilities,and interests making coordination among multiple stakeholders difficult;regional disparities in infrastructure hindering the replication of successful paradigms.Based on this,it is suggested that the government,communities,businesses,and social organizations should further clarify their respective responsibilities and roles.By leveraging favorable resources and considering regional characteristics,they should collaborate to promote the high-quality development of community-embedded elderly care.

Community-embeddedElderly Care ServicesCommunity Elderly CareHome-based Elderly Care

杜鹏、马琦峰

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中国人民大学 人口与发展研究中心,北京 100872

中国人民大学 老年学研究所,北京 100872

社区嵌入式 养老服务 社区养老 居家养老

国家社会科学基金重大项目

21ZDA106

2024

人口与发展
北京大学

人口与发展

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.626
ISSN:1674-1668
年,卷(期):2024.30(3)
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