The Impact of Early Intergenerational Rearing Experience on Middle School Students'Noncognitive Skills——A Study Based on the Propensity Score Model with Hierarchical Structure
Early family education has a significant influence on the development of human capital in an individual's adolescence and even adulthood.Intergenerational rearing is a common way of early childhood rearing in China,and studying its impact on the noncognitive skills of middle school students is of great importance.This paper constructs a propensity score model with a hierarchical structure based on the baseline data of the China Education Panel Survey to inves-tigate the causal relationship between early intergenerational rearing experience and the noncog-nitive skills of middle school students,and conduct robustness checks on the results.It is found that,compared to those not raised intergenerationally,early intergenerational rearing experience has no significant impact on the willpower of middle school students but has a significant negative impact on noncognitive skills such as collective integration,emotional regulation,self-efficacy,and social skills.Therefore,it is suggested that the government actively support families in early rearing,schools rationally optimize the educational mode,parents emphasize their role in rearing,and grandparents improve their rearing skills to mitigate the negative impact of early intergenerational rearing.
Early Intergenerational RearingNoncognitive SkillsCausal InferenceMonte Carlo SimulationsPropensity Score Model
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