2016-2021年北京市5岁以下儿童死亡变化趋势及死因研究
Trend and cause of death of children under 5 years old in Beijing,2016-2021
李东阳 1李一辰1
作者信息
- 1. 100026,北京,首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院/北京妇幼保健院
- 折叠
摘要
目的 分析2016-2021年北京市5岁以下儿童死亡率(U5MR)变化趋势及主要死因,为制定、调整干预策略提供依据.方法 提取北京市妇幼保健网络信息系统中2016-2021年5岁以下儿童死亡监测数据,对北京市U5MR和不同年龄组死亡率变化趋势及主要死因进行回顾性分析.结果 2016-2021年北京市U5MR呈下降趋势,2021年下降至2.24％o,已达到国际领先水平.5岁以下儿童各年龄组中,新生儿死亡率(NMR)下降速度最快,年度变化百分比(APC)为-8.98％(95％CI:-13.14％～-5.59％),是2016-2021年北京市U5MR下降的主要原因;而1～＜5岁儿童死亡率呈上升趋势(APC=13.50％,95％CI:1.06％～27.51％).2016-2021年早产或低出生体重(APC=-14.00％,95％CI:-23.51％～-6.38％)和其他新生儿疾病死亡率(APC=-25.91％,95％CI:-44.69％～-12.43％),呈下降趋势;意外伤害死亡率呈上升趋势(APC=12.34％,95％CI:5.11％～19.72％).2021年主要死因中,远郊地区先天异常、意外伤害、早产或低出生体重和出生窒息死亡率均高于城市地区.2016-2021年,城市地区和远郊地区早产或低出生体重死亡率均呈下降趋势,城市地区出生窒息和远郊地区其他新生儿病死亡率呈下降趋势;城市地区意外伤害和肺炎死亡率呈上升趋势.结论 北京市在降低NMR以及降低早产或低出生体重和其他新生儿病等疾病死亡率方面成果显著,但同时还应重视意外伤害、先天异常和出生窒息等主要死因防控,并加强对1～＜5岁儿童群体的关注.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the changing trend and main causes of death of children under 5 years old(U5MR)in Beijing from 2016 to 2021,and to provide basis for formulating and adjusting intervention strategies.Methods The death data of children under 5 years old on Beijing Maternal and Child Health Network Information System from 2016 to 2021 were extracted,and the trend of U5MR,the mortality rates of different age groups and the main causes of death were retrospectively analyzed.Results From 2016 to 2021,the U5MR in Beijing showed a decreasing trend and reduced to 2.24％e in 2021,which achieved advanced international U5MR level.Among all age groups of children under 5 years old,neonatal mortality rate(NMR)showed the fastest decline with an anunual change percent(APC)of-8.98％(95％CI:-13.14％,-5.59％),which was the main reason for the decline of U5MR in Beijing from 2016 to 2021.The trend of mortality rate of children aged 1 to＜5 years old was on the rise(APC=13.50％,95％CI:1.06％-27.51％).The mortality rate of preterm birth or low birth weight(APC=-14.00％,95％CI:-23.51％--6.38％)and other neonatal diseases(APC=-25.91％,95％CI:-44.69％--12.43％)showed a decreasing trend from 2016 to 2021.The mortality rate of accidental injuries was on the rise(APC=12.34％,95％CI:5.11％-19.72％).Among the main causes of death in 2021,the mortality rates of congenital abnormalities,accidental injuries,preterm birth or low birth weight and birth asphyxia in suburban areas were higher than those in urban areas.From 2016 to 2021,the mortality rates of preterm birth or low birth weight in both urban and suburban areas showed a decreasing trend,the mortality rates of birth asphyxia in urban areas and the mortality rates of other neonatal diseases in suburban areas showed decreasing trend.The mortality rates of accidental injuries and pneumonia in urban areas were on the rise.Conclusions Beijing has achieved remarkable improvement in reducing NMR and the mortality of preterm birth or low birth weight and neonatal diseases.However,attention should be paid to the prevention and control of main causes of death,such as accidental injuries,congenital abnormalities and birth asphyxia,and also should be paid to children aged 1 to＜5 years old.
关键词
5岁以下儿童死亡率/新生儿死亡率/死亡原因/人群监测Key words
Under-five mortality rate/Neonatal mortality rate/Cause of death/Population surveillance引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据