2022年北京市房山区学生近视检出率及其影响因素分析
Analysis of myopia detection rate and its influencing factors among students in Fangshan district of Beijing,2022
何莹 1隗镔 2付晓博 1崔兰梅 1贾艳阳 1龚海英1
作者信息
- 1. 102488,北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心
- 2. 首都医科大学燕京医学院
- 折叠
摘要
目的 了解北京市房山区2022年中小学生近视流行现状及其影响因素,为制定学生近视防控政策提供理论依据.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,在北京市房山区10所中小学校进行近视筛查,对其中四年级及以上的学生开展自填式问卷调查.对近视检出率进行分析,并研究近视发生的主要影响因素.结果 在参与调查的3 710人中,近视率为52.51％.女生近视率(55.32％)高于男生(50.17％),差异有统计学意义(x2=9.762,P=0.002),不同学段学生的近视检出率差异有统计学意义(x2=722.636,P＜0.05).多因素logistics回归显示:性别为女性(OR=1.557,95％CI:1.237～1.960)、学段增长(初中 OR=2.225,95％CI:1.690～2.929;高中 OR=4.523,95％CI:2.687～7.616;职高OR=2.569,95％CI:1.599～4.129)、每天在校做眼保健操次数≤1(OR=1.595,95％CI:1.017～2.501)、近距离用眼时,1 h之后休息(OR=1.227,95％CI:1.017～2.217)是房山区学生近视的主要危险因素.结论 北京市房山区学生近视检出率较高,女生、年级增加、在校做眼保健操次数、近距离用眼休息间隔时长是房山区学生近视发生的影响因素,需要采取综合防控措施进行干预.
Abstract
Objective To understand the current status of myopia prevalence and its influencing factors among primary and secondary school students in Fangshan district of Beijing in 2022,and to provide a scientific and theoretical basis for the prevention and control of myopia among primary and secondary school students.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct myopia screening in 10 primary and secondary schools in Fangshan district of Beijing.A self-filled questionnaire survey was conducted on students of Grade 4th and above.The detection rate of myopia and the main influencing factors of myopia occurrence were analyzed.Results Among 3 710 participants in the survey,the myopia rate was 52.51％.Myopia rate among girls(55.32％)was higher than boys(50.17％),and the differences was statistically significant(x2=9.762,P=0.002).Myopia rate among students in different ages were statistically significant(x2=722.636,P＜0.05).Multi-factor logistics regression showed that gender as female(OR=1.557,95％CI:1.237-1.960),increasing grade(junior high school:OR=2.225,95％CI:1.690-2.929,senior high school:OR=4.523,95％CI:2.687-7.616,vocational high school:OR=2.569,95％CI:1.599-4.129),doing eye exercises at school less than or equal to once a day(OR=1.595,95％CI:1.017-2.501),and resting after an hour when using eyes at close range(OR=1.227,95％CI:1.017-2.217)were risk factors for myopia among students in Fangshan district.Conclusions The detection rate of myopia among students in Fangshan district is relatively high.Female students,higher grades,the frequency of eye exercises in school,and the rest interval after using eyes at close range are the influencing factors for the occurrence of myopia among students in Fangshan district.Comprehensive prevention and control measures need to be taken for intervention.
关键词
近视/学生/影响因素Key words
Myopia/Student/Influencing factors引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据