2015-2023年北京市中小学校校医和卫生室配置情况分析
Analysis on the allocation of school doctors and clinics in primary and secondary schools in Beijing,2015-2023
徐文婕 1白承续 1陈东妮 1吴双胜 1郭欣 1杨鹏1
作者信息
摘要
目的 分析北京市中小学校2015-2023年校医和卫生室配置情况,为制定学校卫生策略提供参考依据.方法 2015-2016年、2017-2018年、2021年、2023年对北京市16个区所有中小学校校医及卫生室设备情况以问卷调查形式进行4次普查.结果 2015-2023年,校医配备率在73.28％～75.96％间,各年间校医配备率差异无统计学意义;600人及以上规模的学校中,2015-2016年、2017-2018年、2021年、2023年校医配备达标率分别为14.57％、16.79％、22.22％和21.99％,校医配备达标率呈上升趋势(P＜0.001);对600人及以上规模学校校医配备达标率的多因素分析结果显示:初中、高中学段相对于小学阶段校医配备达标率较高(初中:OR=1.878,95％CI:1.468～2.403;高中:OR=3.701,95％CI:2.899～4.725),城区相对于郊区配备达标率高(OR=1.865,95％CI:1.521～2.287),寄宿制相对于非寄宿制配备达标率高(OR=1.513,95％CI:1.177～1.945),学生人数在600～1 199人的学校配备达标率相对于学生人数1 200人及以上的学校配备率高(OR=2.456,95％CI:2.011～2.999);各年度医务室配备率均在90％左右,医务室为专室的比例和医务室设置临时隔离室的比例均有所上升,在2023年达到96.54％和89.88％.结论 2015-2023年北京市中小学校校医配备达标率有一定的改善,但总体仍然较低,应着力加强小学学段、郊区、1 200人及以上的学校的校医配备.
Abstract
Objective To examine the status of doctors and clinics allocation and its influence factors in primary and middle schools in Beijing from 2015 to 2023,and to provide a reference for the formulation of school health strategies.Methods Four general surveys were conducted on school doctors and clinics allocation in primary and middle schools in 2015-2016,2017-2018,2021 and 2023 in Beijing.Results From 2015 to 2023,the allocation rates of school doctors were around 73.28％to 75.96％,and there was no significant difference among the years.In schools with 600 or more students,the compliance rates of school doctors were 14.57％in 2015-2016,16.79％in 2017-2018,22.22％in 2021 and 21.99％in 2023,showing an ascending tendency with statistical significance(P＜0.001).The multivariate analysis result showed that the compliance rate of school doctors in junior and senior school were higher than that in primary school(junior:OR=1.878,95％CI:1.468-2.403;senior:OR=3.701,95％CI:2.899-4.725,urban areas were higher than suburbs(OR=1.865,95％CI:1.521-2.287),boarding schools were higher than non-boarding schools(OR=1.513,95％CI:1.177-1.945),schools having 600-1 199 students were higher than schools having 1 200 or more students(OR=2.456,95％CI:2.011-2.999).The proportion of school clinics was about 90％,the proportions of school clinics had special room and isolation room were increased in these years,reached 96.54％and 89.88％in 2023.Conclusions The compliance rate of school doctors has improved from 2015 to 2023 in primary and secondary schools in Beijing,although overall is still low.It is necessary to increase the allocation rate of school doctors in primary schools,suburban schools and schools having 1 200 or more students.
关键词
学校卫生/校医/卫生室/影响因素Key words
School health/School doctor/Clinic/Influence factors引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
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