创新型新城的城市设计"基因"新区的城市设计如何适应日新月异的科技发展和未来的工作模式
Urban Design"Genes"of Innovative New CitiesHow Should Urban Design of New Cities Adapt in the Face of Rapid Transformation of Technology and Future Work Patterns?
司徒安卓 1邱嘉玥2
作者信息
- 1. 麻省理工学院城市规划系
- 2. 同济大学建筑与城市规划学院
- 折叠
摘要
文章通过对三例典型的"创新型新城"的考察,即20世纪末的美国、改革开放后的中国深圳和当代新加坡,探讨了创新与新区城市设计之间的关系.在新冠病毒传播和人工智能兴起的背景下,创新型新城的未来将会如何?最近研究表明,鼓励社会融合和偶遇的城市或校园设计,与地区和城市的整体创新产出呈正相关.然而,由于影响创新产出的其他变量(如企业网络、文化和制度)的存在,如何将上述见解转化为城市设计仍旧是一个挑战.其中需要权衡的是:封闭的企业园区可能会提高企业生产力,而"开放式创新生态系统"可以为地区和城市带来更大程度上的溢出效应,并促进更多公司在该地设立.文章提出了经典的"城市设计创新基因"类型学,包括混合使用、灵活空间、转变以适应产业变迁的能力.文章同时介绍了不断涌现的新型创新区的特征,即居住、工作、娱乐间越来越模糊的界限,创建开放生态系统而非封闭式企业园区,并将数字系统嵌入区域建筑物和基础设施.
Abstract
This article explores the relationship between innovation and urban design of new districts through an examination of three paradigmatic"new innovation cities":late 20th century America,post-reform China's Shenzhen,and contemporary Singapore.In the wake of COVID-19 and the rise of Al,what will the future of new innovation districts look like?Recent research suggests a positive correlation between city or campus design that encourages social mixing and chance encounters with the overall innovation output of regions and cities.However,translating these insights into urban design remains a challenge,given the number of other variables affecting innovative output such as firm networks,culture,and institutions.There may be tradeoffs:closed corporate campuses may boost firm productivity while"open innovation ecosystems"could offer greater benefits of spillover and new firm creation for regional and urban innovation ecosystems.The article offers a typology of classic"innovation genes of urban design"including mixed-use,flexible spaces with the capacity to transform and accommodate industry shifts over time;alongside emerging features of new innovation districts that increasingly aim to blur the boundaries of live,work,and play,create open ecosystems instead of closed corporate campuses,and embed digital systems into the buildings and infrastructure of new districts.
关键词
创新性新城/城市设计/尔湾/深圳/新加坡Key words
Innovative New Cities/Urban Design/Irvine/Singapore/Shenzhen引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据