电驱气吸式花生精量播种机的设计与试验
Design and experiment of electric-driven air-suction peanut precision seeder
张春艳 1康建明 1张佳蕾 2彭强吉 1王小瑜 1张宁宁 1牛萌萌1
作者信息
- 1. 山东省农业机械科学研究院,山东 济南 250100
- 2. 山东省农业科学院,山东 济南 250100
- 折叠
摘要
针对现有花生播种机因单粒率低、垄型不规则、覆土不均匀造成的播种质量差的问题,提出了基于主动起垄方案的电驱气吸式精量播种方法,设计了一种电驱气吸式花生精量播种机,可实现主动起垄、喷药、花生单粒精播、膜上覆土等功能.分析确定整机基本结构和工作过程,设计了电驱式穴播装置和主动起垄装置,并完成试验,结果表明,电驱式穴播较机械式穴播装置的单粒率提高了 0.93%.样机田间性能试验结果表明:起垄质量、播种均匀性和播深一致性 3 个方面,电驱气吸式花生精量播种机的主要技术指标均优于评价要求,其中,垄高合格率大于 85.0%,垄顶宽合格率大于 70.0%,垄间距合格率大于 76.0%,播种单粒率的均值大于 90%,播种深度合格率均值大于 90%,满足单粒精播设计要求.
Abstract
Aiming at the problem of poor sowing quality caused by low single grain rate,irregular ridge shape,and uneven soil coverage of existing peanut seeders,the electric-driven air-suction precision seeding method based on active ridging scheme was proposed,and an electric-driven air-suction peanut precision seeder was designed,which could complete the functions such as active ridging,spraying,precision sowing of single peanut seeds,and covering soil on film,etc.The basic structure and working process of the entire machine were analyzed and determined.Design and experiment were conducted on the electric-driven hill-drop device and active ridging device.The results showed that the single seeding rate of the electric-driven hill-drop device increased by 0.93%compared to the mechanical hill-drop device.The field performance test results of the prototype showed that the main technical indicators of the electric-driven air-suction peanut precision seeder were superior to the evaluation requirements in terms of ridge quality,sowing uniformity,and sowing depth consistency.Among them,the qualified rate of ridge height was greater than 85.0%,the qualified rate of ridge top width was greater than 70.0%,the qualified rate of ridge spacing was greater than 76.0%,the average of single seed rate was greater than 90%,and the qualified rate of sowing depth was greater than 90%.The electric-driven air-suction peanut precision seeder met the design requirements for single seed precision sowing.
关键词
花生/电驱式穴播装置/主动起垄装置/精量播种机Key words
peanut/electric-driven hill-drop device/active ridging device/precision seeder引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1000105)
山东省重点研发计划(2022CXPT031)
山东省农科院农业创新工程项目(CXGC2023B04)
绿洲特色经济作物生产机械化教育部工程研究中心开放课题(2021)(PMOC2021A04)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据