首页|城市水污染对沉积物微生物群落同质化影响研究

城市水污染对沉积物微生物群落同质化影响研究

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小清河济南段作为城市河流,不仅具有源头清洁段,又有城区废水、生活污水收纳段,其流域特征和污染特征使其成为研究城市河流污染的天然样板.针对小清河开展沉积物微生物群落研究,对了解沉积物微生物现状有基础性意义,也能为典型城市污染河流的微生物群落研究提供参考.本研究采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析了不同断面沉积物微生物多样性和群落结构特征.结果表明:小清河沉积物样品中微生物多样性水平较高,但微生物群落组成在不同断面位置存在差异(R2=0.73,P=0.0010),且各断面显著差异物种不同.城区断面沉积物微生物群落组成趋向于同质化,源头和上游断面组成接近,但同质化水平低于城区断面,说明城区环境对河流沉积物微生物群落有显著的自然选择作用,并降低了沉积物微生物多样性.利用LEfSe进一步分析发现有48 个类群在 6 个断面表现出显著差异(LDA>4),其中厚壁菌门(LDA=4.69)在所有组间差异贡献最大,且在城区断面显著富集,表明城区断面的环境因素对沉积物微生物有强烈的定向选择作用,使微生物组成趋向于同质化,进而降低了微生物多样性.本研究表明,城市环境的选择作用不仅使城区断面沉积物微生物的α多样性水平显著下降,还显著降低了β多样性水平,使城区断面微生物群落的同质性增强.
EFFECT OF URBAN WATER POLLUTION ON THE HOMOGENEITY OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITY IN SEDIMENTS
As an urban river,the Jinan section of the Xiaoqing River has not only a source clean segment,but also a section for collecting urban and domestic waste water,making it a natural model for studying urban river pollution due to its basin and pollution characteristics.The study of sediment microbial community in Xiaoqing River is of fundamental significance for understanding the current situation of sediment microorganisms,and it can also provide a reference for the study of microbial community in typical urban polluted rivers.This study used high-throughput sequencing technology of 16S rRNA to analyze microbial diversity and community structure in sediment samples from different sections.The results showed that the level of microbial diversity in Xiaoqing River sediment samples was relatively high,but the microbial community composition varied at different sections(R2=0.73,P=0.0010),with difference of the distinct species at each section.The microbial community composition in sediment of urban sections tended to be homogeneous,while those at the source and upstream sections are similar but less homogenized than those in the urban sections,indicating that the urban environment had a significant natural selection effect on sediment microbial community of the river,and reduced sediment microbial diversity.Further analysis using LEfSe revealed that there were 48 taxa showing significant differences among the six sections(LDA>4),Among them,the class Firmicutes(LDA=4.69)contributed the most to differences among all groups,and was significantly enriched in urban sections,This indicates that the environmental factors in urban sections had a strong directional selection effect on sediment microbial community,leading to a trend of homogenization in microbial composition and a subsequent decrease in microbial diversity.This study revealed that the selection effect of urban environment not only significantly reduced the α diversity level of sediment microbial in urban sections,but also significantly reduced the β diversity level,leading to an increase in homogeneity of microbial communities in urban sections.

urban riverhomogeneityhigh-throughput sequencing technologymicrobial communityβ diversity

郑琳琳、田勇、何媛、孙军、刘建军、唐厚全、张水燕

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山东省济南生态环境监测中心,250101,济南

城市内河 同质性 高通量测序 微生物群落 β多样性

2024

山东师范大学学报(自然科学版)
山东师范大学

山东师范大学学报(自然科学版)

影响因子:0.145
ISSN:1001-4748
年,卷(期):2024.39(1)