Effects of Different Daytime Average Temperature on Growth and Development of Tomato under Natural Illumination
Improper light-temperature ratio limits the growth of tomato plants in facilities.To clarify the optimal temperature for tomato growth under different natural illumination,Zhongza 9 tomato was used as test material and temperature control experiments were conducted under two different light conditions in spring-summer(from 8 April to 6 July in 2022)and summer-autumn(from 3 August to 31 October in 2022).Four temperature treatments were set as 20,25,30 and 35℃,but the actual measured temperatures were 24.6,28.2,31.9 and 34.2℃for the spring-summer experiment,which were named as T20,T25,T30 and T35 treat-ment respectively and T20 was as control;While those for the summer-autumn experiment were 22.6,24.5,28.0 and 31.4℃named as T20',T25',T30'and T35'treatment respectively and with T20'as control.The results showed that under the condition of daily average photosynthetic active radiation(PAR)of 15.8 mol/(m2·d)in spring-summer experiment,compared to T20(24.6℃),tomato under T30 treatment(31.9℃)had higher leaf emergence rate and fruit development speed,shorter time to adjacent flower spike flowering and earlier fruit maturity;the biomass per unit PAR was 1.24 g/mol and the yield was 4.54 kg/m2 at the end of the experi-ment,which were 11.7％and 46.9％higher than those of control,respectively.In summer-autumn experi-ment,under the condition of daily average PAR of 11.0 mol/(m2·d),tomato under T25'treatment(24.5℃)had higher leaf emergence rate compared to control,and the biomass per unit PAR reached the highest level of 0.95 g/mol at the end of the experiment,which was 6.7％higher than that of control.Additionally,it was also found that the requirement of PAR accumulation for tomato seedlings and accumulated temperature from six leaves to fruit maturity were over 988 mol/m2 and 1 484℃·d,respectively.In summary,certain amount of accumulated temperature and PAR were required for tomato growth from seedling transplantation to fruit matu-rity.Higher upper limit of plant response to high temperature corresponded to higher daily average PAR,and temperature should be raised in management accordingly,otherwise reduced,which should be beneficial to plant growth and development,biomass accumulation and fruit yield increase of tomato.
TomatoPhoto-thermal interactionPhotosynthetic active radiationDaytime average tem-peratureYieldAccumulated temperature
万方数据
维普
